Alteraciones en la función renal por tratamiento antirretroviral con inhibidores nucleótidos de la transcriptasa inversa en pacientes vih
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La terapia antirretroviral desde su implementación ha mejorado notablemente la sobrevida de los pacientes infectados con el virus del VIH, cambiando totalmente el curso de la historia. Los inhibidores nucleótidos de la transcriptasa inversa son fármacos altamente eficaces que, a pesar de tener un amplio historial de seguridad, de ser relativamente seguros y evidencia de pocos eventos adversos, han sido descritos en la literatura casos de alteraciones leves, moderadas y graves de la función renal. El objetivo de este trabajo fue investigar describir las alteraciones renales a consecuencia del tratamiento antirretroviral con inhibidores nucleótidos de la transcriptasa inversa en pacientes de 18 a 64 años VIH del hospital de infectología. se llevó a cabo la recolección de los datos a través de un enfoque retrospectivo y cuyo análisis de la información fue de forma observacional, descriptiva y correlacional, donde se utilizó como principal fuente de información una base de datos que fue provista por el área de estadística del Hospital de Infectología Dr. José Rodríguez Maridueña de Guayaquil. En cuanto a la prevalencia de casos de acuerdo con las afecciones renales, se determinó a un 60,9% de los pacientes con niveles de Nitrógeno Ureico en Sangre superior a 20mg/dl, así como a un 50,4% de pacientes con niveles de Creatinina entre 2 a 4 mg/dl y un 54% de los casos con una afección del filtrado glomerular de tipo moderada. En este estudio se logró demostrar las alteraciones renales como consecuencia del uso de fármacos antirretrovirales de la clase de inhibidores nucleótidos de la transcriptasa inversa en el tratamiento de VIH, principalmente el tenofovir, cuyos pacientes que tenían este fármaco dentro de su esquema de tratamiento. Palabras clave: Enfermedad por VIH, Antirretrovirales, Inhibidores nucleótidos de la transcriptasa inversa, alteraciones renales
Since its implementation, antiretroviral therapy has remarkably improved the survival of patients infected with the HIV virus, totally changing the course of history. Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors are highly effective drugs that, despite having a long safety record, being relatively safe and evidence of few adverse events, have been described in the literature cases of mild, moderate and severe alterations of the renal function. The objective of this work was to investigate and describe renal alterations as a result of antiretroviral treatment with nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in patients aged 18 to 64 years with HIV at the Hospital de infectologia. The data collection was carried out through a retrospective approach and whose analysis of the information was observational, descriptive and correlational, where a database that was provided by the statistics area was used as the main source of information. from the Dr. José Rodríguez Maridueña Hospital de infectologia in Guayaquil. Regarding the prevalence of cases according to kidney conditions, 60.9% of patients with Blood Ureic Nitrogen levels greater than 20mg/dl were determined, as well as 50.4% of patients with levels of Creatinine between 2 to 4 mg/dl and 54% of cases with moderate glomerular filtration rate. In this study, it was possible to demonstrate renal alterations because of the use of antiretroviral drugs of the class of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV, mainly tenofovir, whose patients had this drug within their treatment schedule. Keywords: HIV disease, antiretrovirals, nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, kidney disorders
Since its implementation, antiretroviral therapy has remarkably improved the survival of patients infected with the HIV virus, totally changing the course of history. Nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors are highly effective drugs that, despite having a long safety record, being relatively safe and evidence of few adverse events, have been described in the literature cases of mild, moderate and severe alterations of the renal function. The objective of this work was to investigate and describe renal alterations as a result of antiretroviral treatment with nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in patients aged 18 to 64 years with HIV at the Hospital de infectologia. The data collection was carried out through a retrospective approach and whose analysis of the information was observational, descriptive and correlational, where a database that was provided by the statistics area was used as the main source of information. from the Dr. José Rodríguez Maridueña Hospital de infectologia in Guayaquil. Regarding the prevalence of cases according to kidney conditions, 60.9% of patients with Blood Ureic Nitrogen levels greater than 20mg/dl were determined, as well as 50.4% of patients with levels of Creatinine between 2 to 4 mg/dl and 54% of cases with moderate glomerular filtration rate. In this study, it was possible to demonstrate renal alterations because of the use of antiretroviral drugs of the class of nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors in the treatment of HIV, mainly tenofovir, whose patients had this drug within their treatment schedule. Keywords: HIV disease, antiretrovirals, nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors, kidney disorders
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VIRUS DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA HUMANA, ANTIRRETROVIRALES, ALTERACIONES RENALES, INHIBIDORES DE LA TRANSCRIPTASA INVERSA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL DE INFECTOLOGIA DR. JOSE DANIEL RODRIGUEZ MARIDUEÑA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR