Evaluación de la calidad de vida mediante cuestionario SF-12 en pacientes con enfermedad renal crónica terminal
Fecha
2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La enfermedad renal crónica se define como una falla estructural o funcional del riñón con un filtrado glomerular menor a 90 ml/min/1.73m2; esto produce un impacto social y económico en el sujeto afectando su calidad de vida. El objetivo de la investigación fue evaluar la calidad de vida a través del cuestionario SF-12 en pacientes renales sometidos en hemodiálisis. La metodología fue descriptiva, analítica y transversal. La muestra estuvo conformada por 60 pacientes de 35 a 64 años. Los resultados demostraron a través del Índice De Masa Corporal que el 2% presentó bajo peso, el 30% Normopeso, seguido 40% con Sobrepeso, el 18% Obesidad Grado I y finalmente el 10% Obesidad Grado II; en cuanto al cuestionario SF-12 las dimensiones más destacadas que presentaron una buena calidad de vida fueron Función Física con un 100%, Rol Emocional un 100%, Salud Mental un 85%, Función Social un 82% y Salud General un 80%, en tanto que, las dimensiones que presentaron un porcentaje más bajo de calidad de vida fueron Dolor corporal con un 55% y Vitalidad con 42%. En cuanto al estudio de las variables se pudo observar que no hubo correlación entre ellas ya que el valor obtenido fue mayor a 0.05, se concluye que para futuras investigaciones se puedan realizar trabajos de investigación con otros tipos de indicadores.
Palabras clave: Enfermedad Renal Crónica, Hemodiálisis, Terapia Renal Sustitutiva, Calidad de Vida.
Chronic kidney disease is defined as structural or functional failure of the kidney with a glomerular filtrate less than 90 ml/min/1.73m2; this produces a social and economic impact on the subject affecting their quality of life. The objective of the research was to evaluate the quality of life through the SF-12 questionnaire in renal patients undergoing hemodialysis. The methodology was Descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 60 patients from 35 to 64 years old. The results showed through the Body Mass Index that 2% presented low weight, 30% Normal weight, followed by 40% overweight, 18% Obesity Grade I and finally 10% Obesity Grade II; regarding the SF-12 questionnaire, the most outstanding dimensions that presented a good quality of life were Physical Function with 100%, Emotional Role 100%, Mental Health 85%, Social Function 82% and General Health 80%, while the dimensions that presented a lower percentage of quality of life were Body Pain with 55% and Vitality with 42%. Regarding the study of the variables, it could be observed that there was no correlation between them since the value obtained was greater than 0.05, it is concluded that for future researches works can be carried out with other types of indicators. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, Renal Replacement Therapy, Quality of Life
Chronic kidney disease is defined as structural or functional failure of the kidney with a glomerular filtrate less than 90 ml/min/1.73m2; this produces a social and economic impact on the subject affecting their quality of life. The objective of the research was to evaluate the quality of life through the SF-12 questionnaire in renal patients undergoing hemodialysis. The methodology was Descriptive, analytical, and cross-sectional. The sample consisted of 60 patients from 35 to 64 years old. The results showed through the Body Mass Index that 2% presented low weight, 30% Normal weight, followed by 40% overweight, 18% Obesity Grade I and finally 10% Obesity Grade II; regarding the SF-12 questionnaire, the most outstanding dimensions that presented a good quality of life were Physical Function with 100%, Emotional Role 100%, Mental Health 85%, Social Function 82% and General Health 80%, while the dimensions that presented a lower percentage of quality of life were Body Pain with 55% and Vitality with 42%. Regarding the study of the variables, it could be observed that there was no correlation between them since the value obtained was greater than 0.05, it is concluded that for future researches works can be carried out with other types of indicators. Keywords: Chronic Kidney Disease, Hemodialysis, Renal Replacement Therapy, Quality of Life
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EVALUACION, CALIDAD DE VIDA, INSUFICIENCIA RENAL CRONICA, DIALISIS RENAL, TERAPIA DE REEMPLAZO RENAL, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL IESS LOS CEIBOS, CANTO GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR