Embarazo en adolescentes como factor predisponente para el desarrollo de hipotonía uterina en el tercer perÍodo del trabajo de parto
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Obstetricia
Resumen
La hemorragia posparto es la principal causa de muerte materna a nivel mundial,
siendo la hipotonía uterina el motivo las frecuente de las mismas en la última década.
Las gestantes adolescentes son consideradas como un grupo de riesgo que enfrenta
esta problemática. Objetivo: Determinar si el embarazo adolescente es un factor
predisponente para el desarrollo de hipotonía uterina en la tercera etapa del trabajo
de parto en usuarias atendidas en el Hospital Universitario de Guayaquil durante mayo
2021 a julio del 2022. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, analítico
retrospectivo y de corte trasversal en 168 gestantes durante el tercer periodo de
trabajo de parto. Resultados: La edad con mayor prevalencia a hemorragia obstétrica
por hipotonía uterina en el tercer periodo de trabajo de parto fue de 15 a 16 años con
un 46%. Las principales características obstétricas de las pacientes investigadas
fueron la nuliparidad, con proceso de parto normal, mayormente sin enfermedades
preexistentes. El tipo de hipotonía uterina más frecuente que se presenta en las
gestantes adolescentes fue la transitoria, que curso con un sangrado leve y cede con
tratamiento farmacológico. Conclusión: Una disminución correlativa a menor edad
representa mayor prevalencia a desarrollar hipotonía uterina durante en el tercer
periodo de trabajo de parto en adolescentes.
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide, with uterine hypotonia being the frequent cause of these in the last decade. Teenage pregnant women are considered a risk group that faces this problem. Objective: To determine whether adolescent pregnancy is a predisposing factor for the development of uterine hypotonia in the third stage of labor in users treated at the University Hospital of Guayaquil during May 2021 to July 2022. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, retrospective analytical and cross-sectional study in 168 pregnant women during the third period of labour. Results: The age with the highest prevalence of obstetric hemorrhage due to uterine hypotonia in the third period of labor was 15 to 16 years with 46%. The main obstetric characteristics of the patients investigated were nulliparity, with normal birth process, mostly without pre-existing diseases. The most frequent type of uterine hypotonia that occurs in adolescent pregnant women was transient, which continued with light bleeding and subsided with pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: A correlative decrease at a younger age represents a higher prevalence of developing uterine hypotonia during the third period of labor in adolescents.
Postpartum hemorrhage is the leading cause of maternal death worldwide, with uterine hypotonia being the frequent cause of these in the last decade. Teenage pregnant women are considered a risk group that faces this problem. Objective: To determine whether adolescent pregnancy is a predisposing factor for the development of uterine hypotonia in the third stage of labor in users treated at the University Hospital of Guayaquil during May 2021 to July 2022. Methodology: Quantitative, descriptive, retrospective analytical and cross-sectional study in 168 pregnant women during the third period of labour. Results: The age with the highest prevalence of obstetric hemorrhage due to uterine hypotonia in the third period of labor was 15 to 16 years with 46%. The main obstetric characteristics of the patients investigated were nulliparity, with normal birth process, mostly without pre-existing diseases. The most frequent type of uterine hypotonia that occurs in adolescent pregnant women was transient, which continued with light bleeding and subsided with pharmacological treatment. Conclusion: A correlative decrease at a younger age represents a higher prevalence of developing uterine hypotonia during the third period of labor in adolescents.
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HEMORRAGIA POSTPARTO, EMBARAZO EN ADOLESCENCIA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL UNIVERSITARIO DE GUAYAQUIL, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR