Mortalidad de mamíferos por atropellamiento en la Vía Salitre – Palestina (Guayas, Ecuador)
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Fecha
2023
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo finalidad evaluar la mortalidad de mamíferos por efecto de carreteras en la vía Salitre-Palestina, con zonas de urbanizaciones, humedales y arrozales en la provincia del Guayas. La carretera se dividió en 2 tramos y fue monitoreada por medio de vehículo particular y bicicleta de forma semanal durante septiembre del 2022 hasta febrero del 2023. Para determinar diferencias significativas entre los tramos se aplicó U de Mann-Whitney; para determinar las diferencias de atropellamiento entre hábito se emplearon pruebas no paramétricas de Kruskall Wallis; finalmente se generaron puntos de alta incidencia de atropellamientos a través de mapa de calor. Se registraron 258 individuos atropellados, de los cuales descartando especies introducidas y restos no identificados hasta nivel género y especie, se registraron un total de 116 mamíferos nativos. La especie Didelphis marsupialis fue la más afectada con 80 atropellamientos, mientras que se encontró una especie en amenaza Vulnerable (VU) Eptesicus innoxius. En los atropellamientos entre los tramos, no se hallaron diferencias significativas (P-Valor: 0,222), con relación a los hábitos si se encontraron diferencias significativas (P<0,01). Se determinó la tasa de atropellamiento de 0,045 (Ind/km/día). Se generaron 11 puntos de alta incidencia en el mapa de calor, siendo sitios cercanos a urbanizaciones, humedales y arrozales, donde se recomienda intervenir con señalizaciones adecuadas como fotorradares e indicar que es una zona crítica para las especies.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mortality of mammals due to the effect of roads on the Salitre-Palestina Road, with areas of urbanization, wetlands and rice fields in the province of Guayas. The road was divided into 2 sections and was monitored by private vehicle and bicycle on a weekly basis during September 2022 through February 2023. To determine significant differences between sections, the Mann-Whitney U test was applied; to determine the differences in roadkill between habitats, nonparametric Kruskall Wallis tests were used; finally, points of high incidence of roadkill were generated through a heat map. A total of 258 roadkill individuals were recorded, of which, discarding introduced species and unidentified remains down to genus and species level, a total of 116 native mammals were recorded. The species Didelphis marsupialis was the most affected with 80 roadkill while one species was found to be Vulnerable (VU) Eptesicus innoxius. No significant differences were found in the amount of roadkill between the stretches (P-value: 0.222), but significant differences were found in relation to the habits (P<0.01). The hit-and-run rate of 0.045 (Ind/km/day) was determined. Eleven points of high incidence were generated in the heat map, being sites near urbanizations, wetlands, and rice fields, where it is recommended to intervene with appropriate signage such as photo radar and indicate that it is a critical area for the species.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the mortality of mammals due to the effect of roads on the Salitre-Palestina Road, with areas of urbanization, wetlands and rice fields in the province of Guayas. The road was divided into 2 sections and was monitored by private vehicle and bicycle on a weekly basis during September 2022 through February 2023. To determine significant differences between sections, the Mann-Whitney U test was applied; to determine the differences in roadkill between habitats, nonparametric Kruskall Wallis tests were used; finally, points of high incidence of roadkill were generated through a heat map. A total of 258 roadkill individuals were recorded, of which, discarding introduced species and unidentified remains down to genus and species level, a total of 116 native mammals were recorded. The species Didelphis marsupialis was the most affected with 80 roadkill while one species was found to be Vulnerable (VU) Eptesicus innoxius. No significant differences were found in the amount of roadkill between the stretches (P-value: 0.222), but significant differences were found in relation to the habits (P<0.01). The hit-and-run rate of 0.045 (Ind/km/day) was determined. Eleven points of high incidence were generated in the heat map, being sites near urbanizations, wetlands, and rice fields, where it is recommended to intervene with appropriate signage such as photo radar and indicate that it is a critical area for the species.
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MORTALIDAD, HÁBITOS, MAMÍFEROS, MAPA DE CALOR