Enfermedad de chagas: Aplicacion de score de riesgo de en una comunidad rural ecuatoriana.
Fecha
2022
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Medicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La enfermedad de Chagas es endémica en el Ecuador y está ligada
a factores socioeconómicos, ambientales y asociados a las viviendas que dificultan
su erradicación en el país. Objetivos: Determinar el nivel de riesgo de infección por
enfermedad de Chagas mediante el uso de un score basado en las características
domiciliarias y peri domiciliarias de las viviendas en Febres Cordero, Santa Elena Ecuador. Período 2019-2020. Naturaleza y alcance del estudio: Epidemiológico,
retrospectivo y descriptivo. Métodos: Se utilizó una ficha técnica para la recolección
de datos socioeconómicos, del domicilio y peridomicilio, conocimientos, prácticas y
aptitudes relacionados con la enfermedad de Chagas; para la identificación del
vector se utilizó una cartilla con imágenes de los vectores locales descritos en la
literatura. Resultados: De 241 habitantes, se evidenció que el 55.19% vivían en
pobreza extrema, las viviendas fueron en su mayoría de cemento (91%) y 87% se
encontraban en mal estado; en el peridomicilio se encontró animales y acumulación
de materiales de construcción (5.81%). El 65.98% de las viviendas se encontraban
en riesgo medio de infestación; el vector más identificado fue Rhodnius
ecuadoriensis. Conclusiones: Existen marcadores de riesgo presentes que hacen
esta comunidad lugar propicio para el desarrollo de la enfermedad de Chaga
: Chagas’s disease is an endemic affliction in Ecuador and has been associated with socioeconomic and environmental factors as well as dwelling characteristics that make its eradication difficult. This investigation aims to determine risk markers for Chagas’s disease in Febres Cordero’s community, Santa Elena-Ecuador, and classify their places of residence into different risk levels according to a risk score based on said markers. METHODS: this study was retrospective, descriptive and epidemiological in nature. We used a data sheet to compile information about socioeconomical status, domiciliary and peridomiciliary conditions, Chagas’s disease personal history, knowledge, attitude and practices related to Chagas’s disease. For vector identification we used a visual chart with pictures of the most relevant species described in previous regional studies. Formularies were filled with the help of two local women due to restrictions of mobility placed in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: a total of 241 residents participated in this study; 55.19% were found in extreme poverty conditions and 26.14% could be classified as poor. Local dwellings were made of concrete in their majority (91%) and 87% were in bad condition, we also found animals (dogs, cats and poultry) in the peridomiciliary area as well as accumulation of construction materials (5.81%). According to these risk markers, 65.98% of houses had intermediate risk for vector infestation; Rhodnius ecuadoriensis was recognized as been the species most often seen by participants. In conclusion, risk factors are present in Febres Cordero’s community that make it the ideal place for Chagas’s disease active transmission.
: Chagas’s disease is an endemic affliction in Ecuador and has been associated with socioeconomic and environmental factors as well as dwelling characteristics that make its eradication difficult. This investigation aims to determine risk markers for Chagas’s disease in Febres Cordero’s community, Santa Elena-Ecuador, and classify their places of residence into different risk levels according to a risk score based on said markers. METHODS: this study was retrospective, descriptive and epidemiological in nature. We used a data sheet to compile information about socioeconomical status, domiciliary and peridomiciliary conditions, Chagas’s disease personal history, knowledge, attitude and practices related to Chagas’s disease. For vector identification we used a visual chart with pictures of the most relevant species described in previous regional studies. Formularies were filled with the help of two local women due to restrictions of mobility placed in light of the COVID-19 pandemic. RESULTS: a total of 241 residents participated in this study; 55.19% were found in extreme poverty conditions and 26.14% could be classified as poor. Local dwellings were made of concrete in their majority (91%) and 87% were in bad condition, we also found animals (dogs, cats and poultry) in the peridomiciliary area as well as accumulation of construction materials (5.81%). According to these risk markers, 65.98% of houses had intermediate risk for vector infestation; Rhodnius ecuadoriensis was recognized as been the species most often seen by participants. In conclusion, risk factors are present in Febres Cordero’s community that make it the ideal place for Chagas’s disease active transmission.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
ENFERMEDAD DE CHAGAS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, SALUD PUBLICA, CANTON SANTA ELENA, ECUADOR