Factores de riesgo y complicaciones del la nefropatía hipertensiva en Hospital IESS Ceibos en periódo 2018 a 2021
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
La nefropatía hipertensiva se define como la hipertensión arterial crónica que daña
los vasos sanguíneos de pequeño calibre, los glomérulos, los túbulos renales y los
tejidos intersticiales dando como resultado final una enfermedad renal crónica
progresiva. La Organización Panamericana de salud refiere que la enfermedad renal
crónica afecta aproximadamente el 10% de la población mundial. Esta enfermedad
se puede prevenir, pero no curar, es una patología que es silenciosa y progresiva que
da síntomas cuando la enfermedad está avanzada cuando ya el paciente necesita
tratamiento con Diálisis y trasplante de riñón. Objetivo: Establecer los factores de
riesgos, grupo etario más frecuente, complicaciones, tasa de morbilidad y mortalidad
en pacientes y establecer pautas de prevención en nefropatía hipertensiva en el
Hospital IESS Los Ceibos del 2018 a 2021. Métodos: el dato obtenido se lo realizó
mediante la revisión de historias clínicas de los pacientes con factores de riesgos y
complicaciones en pacientes hospitalizados con diagnostico nefropatía hipertensiva
en el Hospital IESS Los Ceibos en el período desde 2018 a 2021.Resultados: De los
factores se obtuvo la hipertensión arterial mal controlada con 201 (40,5%) casos, edad
>65 años con 172 (34,7%) casos, la obesidad con 69 (13,9%) pacientes, y el
tabaquismo con 54 (10,9%). De las complicaciones se obtuvo como principal a la
enfermedad renal crónica con 119 (59.9%) pacientes, seguido de las cardiopatías con
53 (26,2%) casos, la anemia ferropénica con 16 casos (7,9%), y la necesidad de
diálisis con 14 casos (6,9%).
Hypertensive nephropathy is defined as chronic arterial hypertension that damages small-caliber blood vessels, glomeruli, renal tubules, and interstitial tissues, ultimately resulting in progressive chronic kidney disease. The Pan American Health Organization reports that chronic kidney disease affects approximately 10% of the world population. This disease can be prevented, but not cured, it is a pathology that is silent and progressive that gives symptoms when the disease is advanced when the patient already needs treatment with dialysis and kidney transplant. Objective: To establish the risk factors, the most frequent age group, complications, morbidity and mortality rates in patients, and to establish prevention guidelines for hypertensive nephropathy at the IESS Los Ceibos Hospital from 2018 to 2021. Methods: the data obtained was obtained using the review of medical records of patients with risk factors and complications in hospitalized patients diagnosed with hypertensive nephropathy at the IESS Los Ceibos Hospital in the period from 2018 to 2021. Results: Poorly controlled arterial hypertension was obtained from the factors with 201 (40.5%) cases, age >65 years with 172 (34.7%) cases, obesity with 69 (13.9%) patients, and smoking with 54 (10.9%). Of the complications, chronic kidney disease was obtained as the main one with 119 (59.9%) patients, followed by heart disease with 53 (26.2%) cases, iron deficiency anemia with 16 cases (7.9%), and the need of dialysis with 14 cases (6.9%).
Hypertensive nephropathy is defined as chronic arterial hypertension that damages small-caliber blood vessels, glomeruli, renal tubules, and interstitial tissues, ultimately resulting in progressive chronic kidney disease. The Pan American Health Organization reports that chronic kidney disease affects approximately 10% of the world population. This disease can be prevented, but not cured, it is a pathology that is silent and progressive that gives symptoms when the disease is advanced when the patient already needs treatment with dialysis and kidney transplant. Objective: To establish the risk factors, the most frequent age group, complications, morbidity and mortality rates in patients, and to establish prevention guidelines for hypertensive nephropathy at the IESS Los Ceibos Hospital from 2018 to 2021. Methods: the data obtained was obtained using the review of medical records of patients with risk factors and complications in hospitalized patients diagnosed with hypertensive nephropathy at the IESS Los Ceibos Hospital in the period from 2018 to 2021. Results: Poorly controlled arterial hypertension was obtained from the factors with 201 (40.5%) cases, age >65 years with 172 (34.7%) cases, obesity with 69 (13.9%) patients, and smoking with 54 (10.9%). Of the complications, chronic kidney disease was obtained as the main one with 119 (59.9%) patients, followed by heart disease with 53 (26.2%) cases, iron deficiency anemia with 16 cases (7.9%), and the need of dialysis with 14 cases (6.9%).
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NEFROPATIA HIPERTENSIVA, HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL, ENFERMEDAD RENAL CRONICA, FACTORES DE RIESGO, OBESIDAD, CARDIOPATIA, HOSPITAL IESS LOS CEIBOS, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR