Caracteristicas clínicas y abordaje del abdomén agudo por enfermedad diverticular complicada
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: La enfermedad diverticular complicada es la presencia de divertículos
colónicos acompañados de inflamación, perforación, fístula, obstrucción o
hemorragia; patología que ha incrementado su casuística a través del tiempo, por lo
que se remarca su importancia para el diagnóstico temprano y control subsecuente.
Objetivos: Determinar las características clínicas y los abordajes del abdomen agudo
por enfermedad diverticular complicada mediante la recolección de datos cuali-
cuantitativos para desarrollar un informe estadístico en el Hospital de Especialidades
Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. Diseño: Estudio no experimental, retrospectivo,
corte transversal. Lugar: Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo.
Material bibliográfico: Revisión de revistas científicas internacionales e historias
clínicas institucionales del sistema AS400. Métodos: Los datos se tabularon e
ingresaron en el sistema IBM SPSS statistics 23. Resultados: Se contó con 182
pacientes con diagnóstico de enfermedad diverticular entre enero del 2017 a
diciembre del 2021, de los cuales predomina el género femenino, a partir de los 60
años, su antecedente patológico clínico prevalente fue la diverticulosis con
hipertensión arterial, mientras que el antecedente patológico quirúrgico dominante
fue la apendicectomía y finalmente la complicación más presentada fue la
rectorragia. Conclusiones: Las características clínicas incluyen dolor abdominal
difuso, náuseas, vómitos, estreñimiento, rectorragia. El abordaje diagnóstico se
realiza por medio de tomografía computarizada, radiografía abdominal y enema de
colon. La terapéutica incluye tratamiento conservador en la mayoría de casos,
seguido de laparotomía exploratoria con colectomía parcial y colostomía de Hartmann.
Introduction: Complicated diverticular disease is defined by the presence of colonic diverticula accompanied by inflammation, perforation, fistula, obstruction, or bleeding; pathology that has increased its casuistry over time, so its importance for early diagnosis and subsequent control is highlighted. Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics and approaches of the acute abdomen due to complicated diverticular disease by collecting qualitative- quantitative data to develop a statistical report at the Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. Design: non-experimental study, retrospective, cross- sectional. Place: Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Bibliographic material: Review of international scientific journals and institutional medical records of the AS400 system. Methods: The data was tabulated and entered to the IBM SPSS statistics 23 system. Results: There were 182 patients diagnosed with diverticular disease between January 2017 and December 2021, of which the female gender predominates, ages over 60’s, their prevalent clinical pathological history was diverticulosis with high blood pressure, while the dominant surgical pathological history was appendectomy and finally the most presented complication was intestinal bleeding. Conclusions: Clinical characteristics include diffuse abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, tenderness, intestinal bleeding. The diagnostic approach was computed tomography, abdominal x-ray and colon enema. Therapeutics include conservative treatment in most cases, followed by exploratory laparotomy with partial colectomy and Hartmann’s colostomy.
Introduction: Complicated diverticular disease is defined by the presence of colonic diverticula accompanied by inflammation, perforation, fistula, obstruction, or bleeding; pathology that has increased its casuistry over time, so its importance for early diagnosis and subsequent control is highlighted. Objectives: To determine the clinical characteristics and approaches of the acute abdomen due to complicated diverticular disease by collecting qualitative- quantitative data to develop a statistical report at the Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo. Design: non-experimental study, retrospective, cross- sectional. Place: Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Bibliographic material: Review of international scientific journals and institutional medical records of the AS400 system. Methods: The data was tabulated and entered to the IBM SPSS statistics 23 system. Results: There were 182 patients diagnosed with diverticular disease between January 2017 and December 2021, of which the female gender predominates, ages over 60’s, their prevalent clinical pathological history was diverticulosis with high blood pressure, while the dominant surgical pathological history was appendectomy and finally the most presented complication was intestinal bleeding. Conclusions: Clinical characteristics include diffuse abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, tenderness, intestinal bleeding. The diagnostic approach was computed tomography, abdominal x-ray and colon enema. Therapeutics include conservative treatment in most cases, followed by exploratory laparotomy with partial colectomy and Hartmann’s colostomy.
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DOLOR ABDOMINAL, DIVERTICULO DEL COLON, COLESTASIS, HEMORRAGIAS, HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR