Uso de analgesia pre- diagnóstica en el paciente con dolor abdominal agudo en urgencias.
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Ha sido demostrado que el principal síntoma de muchas patologías es el dolor abdominal, el cual, fue también catalogado como primer motivo de consulta en urgencias/emergencias de nuestros hospitales; estas patologías pueden comprometer el estado del paciente, causando ausentismo laboral, impacto en la economía familiar, gastos hospitalarios e implicaciones legales, por lo tanto, un adecuado manejo del dolor abdominal agudo fue fundamental. Objetivo: Determinar de qué manera influye el uso de analgesia, en la evolución clínica y diagnóstico de los pacientes con dolor abdominal agudo atendidos en el servicio de urgencias del Hospital General Guasmo Sur en el periodo 2018 al 2021. Material y métodos: Trabajo de investigación de corte transversal, mixto, con análisis descriptivo, no experimental y retrospectivo, se utilizó como fuente de información, una base de datos con pacientes atendidos con el código CIE-10 R10, Dolor abdominal agudo. Resultados: Se estudió a 647 pacientes; los factores determinantes para el uso de analgesia: severidad del dolor 25.66%, tiempo transcurrido desde el inicio del dolor 25.04%, comorbilidades 24.73% y edad 24.57%; no hubo efectos adversos en 75.12%; la patología más diagnosticada fue apendicitis aguda 26.12%; el fármaco de mayor uso fue Paracetamol 25.5% y la vía de administración más efectiva fue la vía intravenosa 63.37%. Conclusión: El manejo de dolor abdominal agudo en el servicio de urgencias, no modificó la evolución natural de la patología ni alteró el diagnóstico final, con lo cual se logró brindar mejor tratamiento a los pacientes. Palabras claves: dolor abdominal, urgencias, emergencias, manejo del dolor
It has been shown that the main symptom of many pathologies is abdominal pain, which was also cataloged as the first reason for consultation in the emergency room/emergencies of our hospitals; these pathologies can compromise the patient's condition, causing work absenteeism, impact on the family economy, hospital expenses and legal implications, therefore, an adequate management of acute abdominal pain was essential. Objective: Determine how the use of analgesia influences the clinical evolution and diagnosis of patients with acute abdominal pain treated in the emergency department of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital in the period 2018 to 2021. Material and methods: Research work cross-sectional, mixed, with descriptive, non-experimental, and retrospective analysis, a database with patients treated with the ICD-10 R10 code, Acute abdominal pain, was used as a source of information. Results: 647 patients were studied; determining factors for the use of analgesia: severity of pain 25.66%, time elapsed since the onset of pain 25.04%, comorbidities 24.73% and age 24.57%; there were no adverse effects in 75.12%; the most diagnosed pathology was acute appendicitis 26.12%; the most used drug was Paracetamol 25.5% and the most effective route of administration was the intravenous route 63.37%. Conclusion: The management of acute abdominal pain in the emergency department did not modify the natural evolution of the pathology nor did it alter the final diagnosis, with which it was possible to provide better treatment to patients. Keywords: abdominal pain, emergencies, emergencies, pain management
It has been shown that the main symptom of many pathologies is abdominal pain, which was also cataloged as the first reason for consultation in the emergency room/emergencies of our hospitals; these pathologies can compromise the patient's condition, causing work absenteeism, impact on the family economy, hospital expenses and legal implications, therefore, an adequate management of acute abdominal pain was essential. Objective: Determine how the use of analgesia influences the clinical evolution and diagnosis of patients with acute abdominal pain treated in the emergency department of the Guasmo Sur General Hospital in the period 2018 to 2021. Material and methods: Research work cross-sectional, mixed, with descriptive, non-experimental, and retrospective analysis, a database with patients treated with the ICD-10 R10 code, Acute abdominal pain, was used as a source of information. Results: 647 patients were studied; determining factors for the use of analgesia: severity of pain 25.66%, time elapsed since the onset of pain 25.04%, comorbidities 24.73% and age 24.57%; there were no adverse effects in 75.12%; the most diagnosed pathology was acute appendicitis 26.12%; the most used drug was Paracetamol 25.5% and the most effective route of administration was the intravenous route 63.37%. Conclusion: The management of acute abdominal pain in the emergency department did not modify the natural evolution of the pathology nor did it alter the final diagnosis, with which it was possible to provide better treatment to patients. Keywords: abdominal pain, emergencies, emergencies, pain management
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DOLOR ABDOMINAL, ANALGESIA, URGENCIAS MEDICAS, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL GENERAL GUASMO SUR, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR