Caracterización del abandono del tratamiento antirretroviral en pacientes VIH atendidos por infecciones respiratorias
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Introducción: El abandono al tratamiento antirretroviral es un problema que se presenta como un reto para la salud pública al proyectarse como un aumento de la morbilidad, mortalidad y su impacto económico en el sistema sanitario nacional. Sin un adecuado seguimiento aunado a una falta de compromiso del paciente puede sobreañadirse a la enfermedad por VIH una o más enfermedades oportunistas, donde entre varios microorganismos se encuentran en un 20% las afecciones respiratorias. Objetivos: Determinar indicadores de abandono a la adherencia del tratamiento antirretroviral en pacientes con VIH que fueron hospitalizados por motivo de consulta de signos y síntomas de infecciones respiratorias. (Hospital de Infectología Rodríguez Maridueña 2019-2021). Además de identificar la tasa de abandono total y abandono parcial en pacientes VIH reactivos atendidos con afecciones respiratorias. Método: Este estudio de investigación descriptivo es de enfoque mixto, de diseño no experimental de corte longitudinal y retro prospectivo con el método de observación y analítico para la caracterización del abandono al tratamiento antirretroviral en pacientes VIH atendidos con afecciones respiratorias. Resultados: Como resultados se escogió una muestra de 146 pacientes con diagnostico VIH reactivo atendidos con afecciones respiratorias, donde se obtuvo que 21 pacientes tuvieron un abandono total al tratamiento antirretroviral, mientras que 125 pacientes tuvieron un abandono de manera parcial al tratamiento antirretroviral. Conclusiones: Con respecto a los resultados obtenidos en este trabajo de titulación e investigación se concluye que podemos redactar las siguientes conclusiones: A través de esta investigación se identificó que los factores sociodemográficos influyen en el abandono al tratamiento antirretroviral, como la edad, el sexo, residencia siendo incidentes en la misma. Además de identificar que el abandono de manera parcial se presenta en mayor en relación porcentual a los pacientes con abandono total al tratamiento antirretroviral debido a la recuperación y reinserción de tratamiento por parte de las UAIS.
Introduction: Abandonment of antiretroviral treatment is a problem that presents itself as a challenge to public health as it is projected as an increase in morbidity, mortality and its economic impact on the national health system. Without adequate follow-up and a lack of patient commitment, one or more opportunistic diseases may be added to HIV disease, where among several microorganisms, respiratory diseases account for 20%. Objectives: To determine indicators of abandonment of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in patients with HIV who were hospitalized for consultation of signs and symptoms of respiratory infections (Hospital de Infectología Rodríguez Maridueña 2019- 2021). In addition to identify the rate of total dropout and partial dropout in reactive HIV patients attended with respiratory conditions. Method: This descriptive research study is a mixed approach, non-experimental design of longitudinal and retro prospective design with the observation and analytical method to characterize the abandonment of antiretroviral treatment in HIV patients treated with respiratory conditions. Results: As results, a sample of 146 patients with reactive HIV diagnosis attended with respiratory conditions was chosen, where it was obtained that 21 patients had a total abandonment to antiretroviral treatment, while 125 patients had a partial abandonment to antiretroviral treatment. Conclusions: With respect to the results obtained in this degree and research work, it is concluded that we can write the following conclusions: Through this research it was identified that sociodemographic factors influence the abandonment of antiretroviral treatment, such as age, sex, and residence, which are incident in it. In addition, it was identified that partial abandonment of antiretroviral treatment is higher in percentage terms than total abandonment of antiretroviral treatment due to the recovery and reinsertion of treatment by the UAIS.
Introduction: Abandonment of antiretroviral treatment is a problem that presents itself as a challenge to public health as it is projected as an increase in morbidity, mortality and its economic impact on the national health system. Without adequate follow-up and a lack of patient commitment, one or more opportunistic diseases may be added to HIV disease, where among several microorganisms, respiratory diseases account for 20%. Objectives: To determine indicators of abandonment of adherence to antiretroviral treatment in patients with HIV who were hospitalized for consultation of signs and symptoms of respiratory infections (Hospital de Infectología Rodríguez Maridueña 2019- 2021). In addition to identify the rate of total dropout and partial dropout in reactive HIV patients attended with respiratory conditions. Method: This descriptive research study is a mixed approach, non-experimental design of longitudinal and retro prospective design with the observation and analytical method to characterize the abandonment of antiretroviral treatment in HIV patients treated with respiratory conditions. Results: As results, a sample of 146 patients with reactive HIV diagnosis attended with respiratory conditions was chosen, where it was obtained that 21 patients had a total abandonment to antiretroviral treatment, while 125 patients had a partial abandonment to antiretroviral treatment. Conclusions: With respect to the results obtained in this degree and research work, it is concluded that we can write the following conclusions: Through this research it was identified that sociodemographic factors influence the abandonment of antiretroviral treatment, such as age, sex, and residence, which are incident in it. In addition, it was identified that partial abandonment of antiretroviral treatment is higher in percentage terms than total abandonment of antiretroviral treatment due to the recovery and reinsertion of treatment by the UAIS.
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ABANDONO, ANTIRRETROVIRALES, SÍNDROME DE INMUNODEFICIENCIA ADQUIRIDA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, INFECCIONES DEL SISTEMA RESPIRATORIO, HOSPITAL DE INFECTOLOGIA DR. JOSE DANIEL RODRIGUEZ MARIDUEÑA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR