Factores predisponentes de desnutrición y obesidad en pacientes pre-escolares
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
El presente estudio pretende abordar los factores asociados a la desnutrición y la obesidad en pacientes pre escolares, ya que estos dos aspectos vienen siendo un problema que afecta a esta población y por tanto se hace necesario identificar dichos factores para poder incidir en su baja ocurrencia con una adecuada orientación a las familias. El objetivo del estudio se centró en determinar los factores de riesgo de desnutrición y obesidad en pacientes preescolares en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante. Desde la metodología, se observa que, el enfoque de la investigación es de tipo cuantitativo, de tipo no experimental, transversal, retrospectivo y descriptivo La muestra se encuentra formada por 312 pacientes pediátricos con edades comprendidas de 3 a 5 años en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante. Dentro de los resultados obtenidos, se observa que, características sociodemográficas de los pacientes pre escolares en el Hospital Francisco Icaza Bustamante se encuentran que la edad con mayor afectación de trastornos nutricionales es de 4 años de edad, principalmente pacientes de sexo masculino y un nivel socioeconómico bajo. Se concluye que, los factores de riesgo de los pacientes pre escolares con tendencia a la obesidad corresponde a un mayor período de lactancia del estimado por la OMS, así como una nutrición inadecuada hallazgos que se ven reflejados durante la toma de medidas antropométricas como perímetro braquial y talla en relación a la edad, con un IMC relacionado al sobrepeso. Palabras claves: Factores predisponentes, desnutrición, obesidad, pre escolares.
The present study aims to address the factors associated with malnutrition and obesity in preschool patients, since these two aspects have been a problem that affects this population and therefore it is necessary to identify these factors in order to influence their low occurrence. appropriate guidance to families. The objective of the study was focused on determining the risk factors for malnutrition and obesity in preschool patients at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital. From the methodology, it is observed that the research approach is quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive The sample is made up of 312 pediatric patients aged 3 to 5 years at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital. Among the results obtained, it is observed that the sociodemographic characteristics of the preschool patients at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital show that the age with the greatest affectation of nutritional disorders is 4 years of age, mainly male patients, and a socioeconomic level. bass. It is concluded that the risk factors of preschool patients with a tendency to obesity correspond to a longer period of lactation than estimated by the WHO, as well as a defect anomaly that is reflected during the taking of anthropometric measurements such as arm circumference and arm circumference. height in relation to age, with a BMI related to overweight. Keywords: Predisposing factors, malnutrition, obesity, preschool.
The present study aims to address the factors associated with malnutrition and obesity in preschool patients, since these two aspects have been a problem that affects this population and therefore it is necessary to identify these factors in order to influence their low occurrence. appropriate guidance to families. The objective of the study was focused on determining the risk factors for malnutrition and obesity in preschool patients at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital. From the methodology, it is observed that the research approach is quantitative, non-experimental, cross-sectional, retrospective and descriptive The sample is made up of 312 pediatric patients aged 3 to 5 years at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital. Among the results obtained, it is observed that the sociodemographic characteristics of the preschool patients at the Francisco Icaza Bustamante Hospital show that the age with the greatest affectation of nutritional disorders is 4 years of age, mainly male patients, and a socioeconomic level. bass. It is concluded that the risk factors of preschool patients with a tendency to obesity correspond to a longer period of lactation than estimated by the WHO, as well as a defect anomaly that is reflected during the taking of anthropometric measurements such as arm circumference and arm circumference. height in relation to age, with a BMI related to overweight. Keywords: Predisposing factors, malnutrition, obesity, preschool.
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DESNUTRICION, OBESIDAD, FACTORES DE RIESGO, ESTUDIO RETROSPECTIVO, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL DEL NIÑO FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR