Factores predictores de infarto agudo de miocardio en adultos mayores
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las enfermedades cardiovasculares representan un significativo número de
defunciones a nivel mundial, y con el paso de los años el deterioro progresivo del ser
humano, sumado a los factores que predisponen a un individuo a padecer de un
Infarto agudo al Miocardio (IAM) aumentan estas cifras día tras días, por lo tanto,
surge la presente investigación con el objetivo de Identificar los principales factores
predictores de infarto agudo de miocardio en adultos mayores que acudieron al
Hospital Abel Gilbert Ponton, durante el periodo de 01 de enero del 2018 a 31
diciembre del 2021. Siendo una investigación de tipo cuantitativa, de campo y tipo
descriptiva, donde se utilizó como instrumento de recolección de datos la ficha, en la
cual se vaciaron los datos necesarios según cada uno de los elementos establecidos
por objetivos de investigación, la población estuvo conformada por 88 pacientes
adultos mayores con infarto agudo de miocardio, los cuales cumplieron con los
criterios de inclusión establecidos para la selección, los resultados más destacados
señalan que el 31% de los pacientes se encuentran entre los grupos de edades de 65
a 66 años, de igual forma se reporta una prevalencia del sexo masculino con un total
de 61 casos (61%) con IAM, el 61% de los casos tenían diabetes mellitus 2, se reportó
que un 62% de los pacientes eran hipertensos y se identificó el sedentarismo de
manera significativa en un 71%. Concluyendo el estudio que el sexo masculino es el
sexo con mayor predisposición a un IAM, sumado a la edad como factor, de igual
forma se concluye que la patología que mayor frecuencia presentaban fue la
hipertensión arterial, seguido de la obesidad y el sedentarismo, teniendo la diabetes
mellitus gran importancia en estos resultados
Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant number of deaths worldwide, and over the years the progressive deterioration of the human being, added to the factors that predispose an individual to suffer from an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) increase these figures. day after day, therefore, this research arises with the objective of identifying the main predictors of acute myocardial infarction in older adults who attended the Abel Gilbert Ponton Hospital, during the period from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. Being a quantitative, field and descriptive type investigation, where the file was used as a data collection instrument, in which the necessary data were emptied according to each of the elements established by research objectives, the population was made up of 88 elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction, who met the inclusion criteria and established for the selection, the most outstanding results indicate that 31% of the patients are between the age groups of 65 to 66 years, in the same way a prevalence of the male sex is reported with a total of 61 cases (61%) with AMI, 61% of the cases had diabetes mellitus 2, it was reported that 62% of the patients were hypertensive and sedentary lifestyle was identified significantly in 71%. Concluding the study that the male sex is the sex with the greatest predisposition to an AMI, added to age as a factor, in the same way it is concluded that the pathology that most frequently presented was arterial hypertension, followed by obesity and sedentary lifestyle, having diabetes mellitus great importance in these results
Cardiovascular diseases represent a significant number of deaths worldwide, and over the years the progressive deterioration of the human being, added to the factors that predispose an individual to suffer from an acute myocardial infarction (AMI) increase these figures. day after day, therefore, this research arises with the objective of identifying the main predictors of acute myocardial infarction in older adults who attended the Abel Gilbert Ponton Hospital, during the period from January 1, 2018, to December 31, 2021. Being a quantitative, field and descriptive type investigation, where the file was used as a data collection instrument, in which the necessary data were emptied according to each of the elements established by research objectives, the population was made up of 88 elderly patients with acute myocardial infarction, who met the inclusion criteria and established for the selection, the most outstanding results indicate that 31% of the patients are between the age groups of 65 to 66 years, in the same way a prevalence of the male sex is reported with a total of 61 cases (61%) with AMI, 61% of the cases had diabetes mellitus 2, it was reported that 62% of the patients were hypertensive and sedentary lifestyle was identified significantly in 71%. Concluding the study that the male sex is the sex with the greatest predisposition to an AMI, added to age as a factor, in the same way it is concluded that the pathology that most frequently presented was arterial hypertension, followed by obesity and sedentary lifestyle, having diabetes mellitus great importance in these results
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ENFERMEDADES CARDIOVASCULAR, ANCIANO, HIPERTENSION ARTERIAL, FACTORES DE RIESGO, OBESIDAD, SEDENTARISMO, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES GUAYAQUIL DR. ABEL GILBERT PONTON, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR