La justicia indígena como derecho propio de los pueblos indígenas del Ecuador
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2023-03
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Jurisprudencia Ciencias Sociales y Políticas
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En Ecuador, la Constitución de 2008 reconoce el derecho propio de los pueblos y nacionalidades indígenas, que incluye su derecho a ejercer su justicia propia, también conocida como justicia indígena. La justicia indígena se basa en los valores y prácticas culturales de los pueblos indígenas y busca resolver los conflictos y delitos dentro de la comunidad de manera pacífica y equitativa. Los procesos judiciales son liderados por autoridades tradicionales, como los jueces y las asambleas, y se rigen por sus propias normas y procedimientos. Sin embargo, es importante destacar que la justicia indígena no es una justicia paralela o separada del sistema judicial del Estado. La Constitución establece que la justicia indígena debe ser complementaria y coordinada con la justicia ordinaria, y que, en caso de conflicto entre ambas, prevalecerá la Constitución y los derechos humanos. En este sentido, la justicia indígena solo puede aplicarse en casos que involucren a miembros de la comunidad y siempre que se respeten los derechos humanos fundamentales, como el derecho al debido proceso y el derecho a la defensa. Además, cualquier decisión de la justicia indígena debe ser revisable por los tribunales del Estado ecuatoriano. El reconocimiento del derecho a la justicia indígena busca garantizar el derecho a la autonomía de los pueblos y comunidades indígenas, y a la protección de su patrimonio cultural y jurídico. Asimismo, busca promover la diversidad cultural y la interculturalidad en el país, y fomentar la participación activa de los pueblos indígenas en la construcción de una sociedad más justa e inclusiva.
In Ecuador, the 2008 Constitution recognizes the right of indigenous peoples and nationalities, which includes their right to exercise their own justice, also known as indigenous justice. Indigenous justice is based on the cultural values and practices of indigenous peoples and seeks to resolve conflicts and crimes within the community in a peaceful and equitable manner. Judicial processes are led by traditional authorities, such as judges and assemblies, and are governed by their own rules and procedures. However, it is important to emphasize that indigenous justice is not a parallel or separate justice from the State judicial system. The Constitution establishes that indigenous justice must be complementary and coordinated with ordinary justice, and that in case of conflict between the two, the Constitution and human rights will prevail. In this sense, indigenous justice can only be applied in cases involving members of the community and provided that fundamental human rights are respected, such as the right to due process and the right to defense. In addition, any decision of indigenous justice must be reviewed by the courts of the Ecuadorian State. The recognition of the right to indigenous justice seeks to guarantee the right to autonomy of indigenous peoples and communities, and to the protection of their cultural and legal heritage. It also seeks to promote cultural diversity and interculturality in the country, and promote the active participation of indigenous peoples in the construction of a more just and inclusive society.
In Ecuador, the 2008 Constitution recognizes the right of indigenous peoples and nationalities, which includes their right to exercise their own justice, also known as indigenous justice. Indigenous justice is based on the cultural values and practices of indigenous peoples and seeks to resolve conflicts and crimes within the community in a peaceful and equitable manner. Judicial processes are led by traditional authorities, such as judges and assemblies, and are governed by their own rules and procedures. However, it is important to emphasize that indigenous justice is not a parallel or separate justice from the State judicial system. The Constitution establishes that indigenous justice must be complementary and coordinated with ordinary justice, and that in case of conflict between the two, the Constitution and human rights will prevail. In this sense, indigenous justice can only be applied in cases involving members of the community and provided that fundamental human rights are respected, such as the right to due process and the right to defense. In addition, any decision of indigenous justice must be reviewed by the courts of the Ecuadorian State. The recognition of the right to indigenous justice seeks to guarantee the right to autonomy of indigenous peoples and communities, and to the protection of their cultural and legal heritage. It also seeks to promote cultural diversity and interculturality in the country, and promote the active participation of indigenous peoples in the construction of a more just and inclusive society.
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CONSTITUCIÓN, JUSTICIA, ORDINARIA, INDÍGENA, SENTENCIA, COCHA.