Utilidad de fórmula leucocitaria como pronóstico de gravedad en pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados de apendicitis aguda
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Problema: Determinación de la utilidad de la fórmula leucocitaria como pronóstico de gravedad en pacientes pediátricos diagnosticados de apendicitis aguda. Antecedentes: La apendicitis aguda sigue siendo la enfermedad quirúrgica más común en los niños y también es la principal causa de morbilidad infantil, la misma requiere cirugía abdominal de emergencia. Objetivo: Se analizó la utilidad de la fórmula leucocitaria para el pronóstico de la apendicitis aguda. Metodología: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo descriptivo, retrospectivo, no experimental, analítico, de corte transversal, se tomó como universo y muestra a pacientes pediátricos de 0 a 15 años con diagnóstico de apendicitis aguda que fueron atendidos durante el periodo de enero del 2019 a diciembre del 2021 en el hospital del niño “Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante”. Los datos de filiación se tomaron del software institucional, siendo estos tabulados en una plantilla de Excel y el análisis estadístico se realizó en SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science v23), para las variables categóricas se utilizó estadística descriptiva y las variables numéricas mediante estadística inferencial con análisis de curva ROC y correlaciones con IC 95% y un valor de significancia p < 0,5. Resultados: Permiten inferir que donde la mayor sensibilidad y especificidad diagnóstica fue encontrada en los casos de leucocitosis con neutrofilia en las apendicitis gangrenadas 80%, 90%; 70%, 80% respectivamente; y la leucopenia con neutropenia para apendicitis congestiva. Conclusión: Los resultados confirman el valor diagnóstico y predictivo en esta patología entre otros exámenes complementarios de la fórmula leucocitaria a predominio de leucocitos neutrófilos o segmentados. Palabras clave: Fórmula leucocitaria; Apendicitis aguda; Pronóstico; Contaje de leucocitos; Neutrofilia.
Problem: Determination of the usefulness of the leukocyte formula as a predictor of severity in pediatric patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Background: Acute appendicitis remains the most common surgical disease in children and is also the leading cause of childhood morbidity, the same requiring emergency abdominal surgery. Objective: We analyzed the usefulness of the leukocyte formula for the prognosis of acute appendicitis. Methodology: Quantitative descriptive, retrospective, non-experimental, analytical, cross sectional approach study, universe and sample were taken as universe and sample pediatric patients aged 0 to 15 years with diagnosis of acute appendicitis who were attended during the period from January 2019 to December 2021 at the children's hospital "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante". The affiliation data were taken from the institutional software, being these tabulated in an Excel template and the statistical analysis was performed in SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science v23), for the categorical variables descriptive statistics were used and the numerical variables by means of inferential statistics with ROC curve analysis and correlations with 95% CI and a significance value p < 0.5. Results: It can be inferred that the highest diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were found in cases of leukocytosis with neutrophilia in gangrenous appendicitis 80%, 90%; 70%, 80% respectively; and leukopenia with neutropenia for congestive appendicitis. Conclusion: The results confirm the diagnostic and predictive value in this pathology among other complementary tests of the leukocyte formula with predominance of neutrophilic or segmented leukocytes. Keywords: Leukocyte formula; Acute appendicitis; Forecast; Leukocyte count; Neutrophilia.
Problem: Determination of the usefulness of the leukocyte formula as a predictor of severity in pediatric patients diagnosed with acute appendicitis. Background: Acute appendicitis remains the most common surgical disease in children and is also the leading cause of childhood morbidity, the same requiring emergency abdominal surgery. Objective: We analyzed the usefulness of the leukocyte formula for the prognosis of acute appendicitis. Methodology: Quantitative descriptive, retrospective, non-experimental, analytical, cross sectional approach study, universe and sample were taken as universe and sample pediatric patients aged 0 to 15 years with diagnosis of acute appendicitis who were attended during the period from January 2019 to December 2021 at the children's hospital "Dr. Francisco de Icaza Bustamante". The affiliation data were taken from the institutional software, being these tabulated in an Excel template and the statistical analysis was performed in SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Science v23), for the categorical variables descriptive statistics were used and the numerical variables by means of inferential statistics with ROC curve analysis and correlations with 95% CI and a significance value p < 0.5. Results: It can be inferred that the highest diagnostic sensitivity and specificity were found in cases of leukocytosis with neutrophilia in gangrenous appendicitis 80%, 90%; 70%, 80% respectively; and leukopenia with neutropenia for congestive appendicitis. Conclusion: The results confirm the diagnostic and predictive value in this pathology among other complementary tests of the leukocyte formula with predominance of neutrophilic or segmented leukocytes. Keywords: Leukocyte formula; Acute appendicitis; Forecast; Leukocyte count; Neutrophilia.
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PEDIATRIA, LEUCOCITOSIS, APENDICITIS AGUDA, EPIDEMIOLOGIA DESCRIPTIVA, HOSPITAL DEL NIÑO FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR