Resultante materno - perinatal en embarazadas con diabetes gestacional Hospital Alfredo G. Paulson año, 2018 - 2020
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: La diabetes gestacional es una enfermedad que aparece en el embarazo y permanece en el periodo gestacional, se diagnostica por el aumento de los niveles séricos de glucosa causado por trastornos en el metabolismo de la embarazada con una prevalencia que oscila entre 0.5 y el 16% de todos los embarazos. De aquí, la importancia de profundizar en las complicaciones de las gestantes y los resultados perinatales como consecuencia de la presencia de esta enfermedad, para tomar en cuenta el seguimiento y control de los sujetos de estudio. Objetivo: el punto central en este proceso de investigación será establecer la relación entre las resultantes maternas - perinatales y la diabetes gestacional diagnosticada en embarazadas atendidas en el Hospital Alfredo G. Paulson. Métodos: la siguiente investigación será de tipo cuantitativo, siguiendo un estudio descriptivo, correlacional, no experimental, retrospectivo, transversal; realizando la recolección de información por medio de las historias clínicas que se encuentran en los archivos de estadística del hospital. La información se tabulará en Excel y los resultados serán analizados en plataforma estadística SPSS, con intervalo de confianza IC 95% y nivel de significación α< 0,05. Resultados: Entre los principales resultados se obtuvo que la mayoría de las pacientes con diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional padecieron de complicaciones maternas como las contracciones pre término y trabajo de parto prematuro, la rotura prematura de membrana y el trastorno hipertensivo; mientras que en los neonatos se encontró que en una alta proporción estuvo presente la macrosomía fetal y otras complicaciones como la prematurez, el síndrome de dificultad respiratoria, malformaciones congénitas en especial las cardiopatías congénitas. Finalmente, se encontró que hubo correlación estadísticamente positiva entre la presencia de diabetes gestacional y las complicaciones materno – neonatales Conclusiones: A causa del diagnóstico de diabetes gestacional se han presentado complicaciones, tanto maternas como neonatales, dentro de la muestra objeto de investigación, lo que implica que sea necesario mantener un control frecuente sobre las pacientes embarazadas
Background: Gestational diabetes is a disease that appears in pregnancy and remains in the gestational period, it is diagnosed by increased serum glucose levels caused by disorders centred in the metabolic side of the process of pregnant women with a prevalence ranging between 0.5 and 16 % of all pregnancies. Hence, the importance of delving into the complications of pregnant women and the perinatal results as a consequence of the presence of this disease, to take into account the follow-up and control of these patients. Objective: the central point in this research process will be to establish the relationship between maternal - perinatal outcomes and gestational diabetes diagnosed in pregnant women treated at the Alfredo G. Paulson Hospital. Methods: the following research will be quantitative, following a descriptive, correlational, non-experimental, retrospective, cross-sectional study; performing the collection of information through the medical records found in the statistical files of the hospital. The information will be tabulated in Excel and the results will be analyzed in the SPSS statistical platform, with a 95% CI confidence interval and a significance level of α<0.05. Results: Among the main results, it was obtained that the majority of patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes suffered from maternal complications such as preterm contractions and premature labor, premature rupture of the membrane and hypertensive disorder; while in neonates it was found that fetal macrosomia and other complications such as prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, congenital malformations, especially congenital heart disease, were present in a high proportion. Finally, it was found that there was a statistically positive correlation between the presence of gestational diabetes and maternal-neonatal complications. Conclusions: Due to the diagnosis of gestational diabetes, there have been complications, both maternal and neonatal, within the sample under investigation, which implies that it is necessary to maintain frequent control over pregnant patients.
Background: Gestational diabetes is a disease that appears in pregnancy and remains in the gestational period, it is diagnosed by increased serum glucose levels caused by disorders centred in the metabolic side of the process of pregnant women with a prevalence ranging between 0.5 and 16 % of all pregnancies. Hence, the importance of delving into the complications of pregnant women and the perinatal results as a consequence of the presence of this disease, to take into account the follow-up and control of these patients. Objective: the central point in this research process will be to establish the relationship between maternal - perinatal outcomes and gestational diabetes diagnosed in pregnant women treated at the Alfredo G. Paulson Hospital. Methods: the following research will be quantitative, following a descriptive, correlational, non-experimental, retrospective, cross-sectional study; performing the collection of information through the medical records found in the statistical files of the hospital. The information will be tabulated in Excel and the results will be analyzed in the SPSS statistical platform, with a 95% CI confidence interval and a significance level of α<0.05. Results: Among the main results, it was obtained that the majority of patients diagnosed with gestational diabetes suffered from maternal complications such as preterm contractions and premature labor, premature rupture of the membrane and hypertensive disorder; while in neonates it was found that fetal macrosomia and other complications such as prematurity, respiratory distress syndrome, congenital malformations, especially congenital heart disease, were present in a high proportion. Finally, it was found that there was a statistically positive correlation between the presence of gestational diabetes and maternal-neonatal complications. Conclusions: Due to the diagnosis of gestational diabetes, there have been complications, both maternal and neonatal, within the sample under investigation, which implies that it is necessary to maintain frequent control over pregnant patients.
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DIABETES GESTACIONAL, MALFORMACIONES CONGENITAS, RESULTANTE MATERNO, HOSPITAL DE LA MUJER ALFREDO G. PAULSON, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, RESULTANTE PERINATAL