Estudio comparativo de la determinación lignocelulósica del mucílago de las principales variedades de Theobroma cacao Ecuatoriano
No hay miniatura disponible
Fecha
2023
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El presente estudio se enmarca en la evaluación de la biomasa lignocelulósica presente en el mucílago de cacao de las variedades Nacional y CCN51, destacando que es un recurso no aprovechado. A partir de su caracterización es factible identificar la capacidad de reutilización de los desechos para mitigar su impacto en el medio ambiente. Para ello, se llevó a cabo el tratamiento de muestra con la previa eliminación de extractos volátiles mediante reflujo con disolventes de polaridad media, como posibles interferentes en la determinación de celulosas y lignina. La determinación incluyó la medición de holocelulosa y celulosa siguiendo la metodología gravimétrica propuesta por ASTM D-1104 y ASTM 1103-60 optimizada respectivamente. Los resultados evidenciaron valores de 10.37% para Nacional y de 13% para CCN51. Mientras que, para la determinación de lignina se aplicó la metodología propuesta por TAPPI T 222, llegando a determinar lignina soluble (L.S.) por espectrofotometría UV y lignina insoluble (L.I.) por gravimetría; siendo sus resultados para la variedad Nacional
59.24% (L.S.) y 9.03% (L.I.), y para cacao CCN51 fue 62.19% (L.S.) y 9.67% (L.I.). El análisis de los datos permitió concluir que para cada parámetro no se encontraron diferencias significativas entre las variedades estudiadas, obteniéndose, además, resultados de precisión satisfactorios a partir de la aplicación de métodos clásicos e instrumentales adaptados a la matriz de estudio y a bajo costo.
The present study is part of the evaluation of the lignocellulosic biomass present in the cocoa mucilage of the Nacional and CCN51 varieties, highlighting that it is an untapped resource. From its characterization, it is feasible to identify the reuse capacity of the waste to mitigate its impact on the environment. For this, the sample treatment was carried out with the previous elimination of volatile extracts by means of reflux with solvents of medium polarity, as possible interferers in the determination of celluloses and lignin. The determination included the measurement of holocellulose and cellulose following the gravimetric methodology proposed by ASTM D-1104 and ASTM 1103-60, optimized respectively. The results showed values of 10.37% for Nacional and 13% for CCN51. While, for the determination of lignin, the methodology proposed by TAPPI T 222 was applied, reaching the determination of soluble lignin (S.L.) by UV spectrophotometry and insoluble lignin (I.L.) by gravimetry; being its results for the National variety 59.24% (S.L) and 9.03% (I.L.), and for cocoa CCN51 it was 62.19% (S.L.) and 9.67% (S.L.). The analysis of the data allowed to conclude that for each parameter no significant differences were found between the varieties studied, also obtaining satisfactory precision results from the application of classical and instrumental methods adapted to the study matrix and at low cost.
The present study is part of the evaluation of the lignocellulosic biomass present in the cocoa mucilage of the Nacional and CCN51 varieties, highlighting that it is an untapped resource. From its characterization, it is feasible to identify the reuse capacity of the waste to mitigate its impact on the environment. For this, the sample treatment was carried out with the previous elimination of volatile extracts by means of reflux with solvents of medium polarity, as possible interferers in the determination of celluloses and lignin. The determination included the measurement of holocellulose and cellulose following the gravimetric methodology proposed by ASTM D-1104 and ASTM 1103-60, optimized respectively. The results showed values of 10.37% for Nacional and 13% for CCN51. While, for the determination of lignin, the methodology proposed by TAPPI T 222 was applied, reaching the determination of soluble lignin (S.L.) by UV spectrophotometry and insoluble lignin (I.L.) by gravimetry; being its results for the National variety 59.24% (S.L) and 9.03% (I.L.), and for cocoa CCN51 it was 62.19% (S.L.) and 9.67% (S.L.). The analysis of the data allowed to conclude that for each parameter no significant differences were found between the varieties studied, also obtaining satisfactory precision results from the application of classical and instrumental methods adapted to the study matrix and at low cost.
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
THEOBROMA CACAO, BIOMASA LIGNOCELULÓSICA, MUCÍLAGO, CELULOSA, RESIDUO AGROINDUSTRIAL