Gestión del autocuidado en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. 2023
Fecha
2023-09
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Universidad e Guayaquil, Facultad de Ciencias Médicas, Carrera de Enfermería
Resumen
La gestión de autocuidado es una de las herramientas clave en la atención primaria, las cuales pueden ser de gran relevancia en el caso de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles. Por ello, se planteó como objetivo, describir la gestión del autocuidado en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles en el 2023. Se empleó la metodología con diseño interpretativo, cualitativo, fenomenológico, con la aplicación de la entrevista con preguntas abiertas no estructuradas a cinco profesionales de enfermería de acuerdo a su experiencia
laboral que firmaron el consentimiento informado para participar en esta investigación, por consiguiente se realizó la entrevista mediante una guía de preguntas orientadoras, en donde los datos se organizaron en códigos, subcategorías y categorías, por el método de comparación constante (MCC). Los resultados se expresan en dos categorías: 1.- Ejecución de los planes educativos de autocuidado elaborados por los profesionales de enfermería, asesorando en fomento de alimentación saludable, ingesta adecuada de líquidos, plan de actividad física, mediante charlas, talleres, consejería 2.- Vigilancia epidemiológica de las visitas domiciliarias realizadas por los profesionales de enfermería que, sirvieron para evaluación de medidas terapéuticas y educativas en estos pacientes, monitoreando la situación de salud de la comunidad y realizando el seguimiento de casos. En conclusión, la gestión del autocuidado en pacientes con enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, se basó en charlas, talleres y visitas domiciliarias, pero fue obstaculizado en alguna medida, por la falta de personal y recursos en el centro de salud.
Self-care management is one of the key tools in primary care, which can be of great relevance in the case of chronic non-communicable diseases. Therefore, the objective was to describe self-care management in atients with chronic noncommunicable diseases in 2023. The methodology with interpretative, qualitative, henomenological design was used, with the application of the interview with unstructured open questions to five nursing professionals according to their work experience who signed the informed consent to participate in this research, therefore the interview was conducted through a guide of guiding questions, where the data were organized into codes, subcategories and categories, by the constant comparison method (CQM). The results are expressed in two categories: 1.- Execution of the self-care educational plans elaborated by the nursing professionals, advising on the promotion of healthy eating, adequate fluid intake, physical activity plan, through lectures, workshops, counseling 2.- Epidemiological surveillance of home visits made by nursing professionals, which served to evaluate therapeutic and educational measures in these patients, monitoring the health situation of the community and following up cases. In conclusion, the management of self-care in patients with chronic diseases is a key element in the management of the health situation in the community
Self-care management is one of the key tools in primary care, which can be of great relevance in the case of chronic non-communicable diseases. Therefore, the objective was to describe self-care management in atients with chronic noncommunicable diseases in 2023. The methodology with interpretative, qualitative, henomenological design was used, with the application of the interview with unstructured open questions to five nursing professionals according to their work experience who signed the informed consent to participate in this research, therefore the interview was conducted through a guide of guiding questions, where the data were organized into codes, subcategories and categories, by the constant comparison method (CQM). The results are expressed in two categories: 1.- Execution of the self-care educational plans elaborated by the nursing professionals, advising on the promotion of healthy eating, adequate fluid intake, physical activity plan, through lectures, workshops, counseling 2.- Epidemiological surveillance of home visits made by nursing professionals, which served to evaluate therapeutic and educational measures in these patients, monitoring the health situation of the community and following up cases. In conclusion, the management of self-care in patients with chronic diseases is a key element in the management of the health situation in the community
Descripción
Palabras clave
ENFERMERÍA, AUTOCUIDADO, ENFERMEDADES CRÓNICAS, NO TRANSMISIBLES