Enfermedad periodontal y su relación con el estado nutricional
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2023-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
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La enfermedad periodontal es una condición que afecta las encías. Esta enfermedad se origina por la presencia de bacterias y la respuesta del sistema inmunológico. La higiene oral deficiente es el principal factor de riesgo de las enfermedades periodontales, no obstante, existen otros factores que también influyen en el desarrollo y gravedad de la enfermedad, entre esos se encuentra el estatus nutricional del paciente. Una dieta inadecuada es considerada un factor de riesgo para el desarrollo de enfermedades crónicas no transmisibles, incluida la periodontitis. El presente trabajo es una revisión bibliográfica que busca y recopila información relevante sobre la relación que existe entre las enfermedades periodontales y la nutrición. El Objetivo es establecer la relación que existe entre las enfermedades periodontales y el estado nutricional del paciente. La Metodología de esta investigación tuvo un enfoque exploratorio, cualitativo y documental y se empleó el método analítico sintético, y bibliográfico. Se recopiló información de los últimos 5 años de diversas fuentes como revistas científicas, libros, publicaciones de organizaciones de salud y documentos oficiales de instituciones universitarias. La búsqueda se llevó a cabo en bases de datos como Scielo, Google Académico, Libros y Dialnet. Conclusión: La investigación realizada llevó a identificar que existe una relación bidireccional entre la malnutrición y la salud oral. La dieta juega un papel crucial en el desarrollo de enfermedades periodontales y en la salud bucal en general. Una dieta alta en ácidos grasos saturados y azúcares refinados puede tener efectos negativos en la salud oral
Periodontal disease is a condition that affects the gums and underlying periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease is caused by the presence of bacteria and the immune system's response to them. Poor oral hygiene is the main risk factor for periodontal disease, however, there are other factors that also influence the development and severity of the disease, among those is the nutritional status of the patient. Consequently, an inadequate diet is considered a risk factor for the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases, including periodontitis. The present work is a bibliographic review with the purpose of searching and compiling relevant information on the relationship between periodontal diseases and nutrition from different research works. The objective of the research was to establish the relationship between periodontal diseases and the nutritional status of the patient. The present research work is extended under the Methodology The approach of this research was exploratory, qualitative and documentary. To achieve its objectives, the synthetic analytical method was used, and the research technique used was bibliographic. Information from the last 5 years was collected from various sources such as scientific journals, books, publications of health organizations and official documents of university institutions. The search was carried out in databases such as Scielo, Google Scholar, Books and Dialnet. Conclusion: The research conducted led to identify that there is a bidirectional relationship between malnutrition and oral health. Diet plays a crucial role in the development of periodontal diseases and oral health in general. A diet high in saturated fatty acids and refined sugars can have negative effects on oral health.
Periodontal disease is a condition that affects the gums and underlying periodontal tissues. Periodontal disease is caused by the presence of bacteria and the immune system's response to them. Poor oral hygiene is the main risk factor for periodontal disease, however, there are other factors that also influence the development and severity of the disease, among those is the nutritional status of the patient. Consequently, an inadequate diet is considered a risk factor for the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases, including periodontitis. The present work is a bibliographic review with the purpose of searching and compiling relevant information on the relationship between periodontal diseases and nutrition from different research works. The objective of the research was to establish the relationship between periodontal diseases and the nutritional status of the patient. The present research work is extended under the Methodology The approach of this research was exploratory, qualitative and documentary. To achieve its objectives, the synthetic analytical method was used, and the research technique used was bibliographic. Information from the last 5 years was collected from various sources such as scientific journals, books, publications of health organizations and official documents of university institutions. The search was carried out in databases such as Scielo, Google Scholar, Books and Dialnet. Conclusion: The research conducted led to identify that there is a bidirectional relationship between malnutrition and oral health. Diet plays a crucial role in the development of periodontal diseases and oral health in general. A diet high in saturated fatty acids and refined sugars can have negative effects on oral health.
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ENFERMEDADES PERIODONTALES, GINGIVITIS, PERIODONTITIS