Prevalencia de fluorosis en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en la Clínica de Odontopediatría de la Universidad de Guayaquil
Fecha
2023-09
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología
Resumen
La fluorosis dental es una condición que afecta a la estructura y apariencia del esmalte de los dientes debido a la exposición crónica a niveles elevados de flúor durante la formación de estos. Este fenómeno se ha convertido en una preocupación creciente en el campo de la odontopediatría. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación fue determinar la prevalencia de fluorosis en pacientes pediátricos atendidos en la clínica de odontopediatría de la Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad Piloto de Odontología en el mes de julio Ciclo l 2023-2024. Se realizo un estudio descriptivo, cuantitativo, transversal y no probabilístico, con una muestra de 54 niños atendidos en la clínica. La prevalencia de fluorosis del total de examinados fue de 24%, la severidad de fluorosis fue leve con un 69,23%, además el género que tuvo mayor incidencia fue el femenino con un 56% y la edad con mayor afectación fue de 8 a 9 años con un 38,46%, las piezas afectadas con esta patología fueron los incisivos centrales superiores permanentes con un 40% y la superficie más afectada fue la vestibular con un 76,93%. Las causas principales de fluorosis fueron por la ingesta de fluoruros a temprana edad con un índice de 42,59% y el consumo de agua hervida con un 38,89% el cual aumenta los niveles de flúor. Se recomienda ofrecer talleres educativos dinámicos en entornos escolares con el propósito de enseñar la técnica correcta de cepillado dental, junto con la cantidad y tipo de pasta dental apropiadas según la edad de los niños.
Abstract Dental fluorosis is a condition that affects the structure and appearance of tooth enamel due to chronic exposure to high levels of fluoride during tooth formation. This phenomenon has become a growing concern in the field of pediatric dentistry. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of fluorosis in pediatric patients seen in the pediatric dentistry clinic of the University of Guayaquil Pilot School of Dentistry in the month of July 2023-2024. A descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-probabilistic study was carried out with a sample of 54 children attended in the clinic. The prevalence of fluorosis of the total of those examined was 24%, the severity of fluorosis was mild with 69.23%, in addition the gender with the highest incidence was female with 56% and the age with the highest affectation was from 8 to 9 years old with 38.46%, the pieces affected with this pathology were the upper permanent central incisors with 40% and the most affected surface was the vestibular with 76.93%. The main causes of fluorosis were fluoride ingestion at an early age with a rate of 42.59% and the consumption of boiled water with 38.89%, which increases fluoride levels. It is recommended to offer dynamic educational workshops in school settings with the purpose of teaching the correct toothbrushing technique, along with the appropriate amount and type of toothpaste according to age.
Abstract Dental fluorosis is a condition that affects the structure and appearance of tooth enamel due to chronic exposure to high levels of fluoride during tooth formation. This phenomenon has become a growing concern in the field of pediatric dentistry. The objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of fluorosis in pediatric patients seen in the pediatric dentistry clinic of the University of Guayaquil Pilot School of Dentistry in the month of July 2023-2024. A descriptive, quantitative, cross-sectional, and non-probabilistic study was carried out with a sample of 54 children attended in the clinic. The prevalence of fluorosis of the total of those examined was 24%, the severity of fluorosis was mild with 69.23%, in addition the gender with the highest incidence was female with 56% and the age with the highest affectation was from 8 to 9 years old with 38.46%, the pieces affected with this pathology were the upper permanent central incisors with 40% and the most affected surface was the vestibular with 76.93%. The main causes of fluorosis were fluoride ingestion at an early age with a rate of 42.59% and the consumption of boiled water with 38.89%, which increases fluoride levels. It is recommended to offer dynamic educational workshops in school settings with the purpose of teaching the correct toothbrushing technique, along with the appropriate amount and type of toothpaste according to age.
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ESMALTE DENTAL, FLUOROSIS DENTAL, PREVALENCIA