Caracterizar las complicaciones renales en pacientes con diabetes mellitus tipo II mal controlada. Estudio realizado en el Centro de Salud de Bastión Popular Tipo C
Fecha
2023
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Medicina
Resumen
Las complicaciones renales es una afección que se presenta en pacientes diabéticos prioritariamente en aquellos que no llevan un buen control de la enfermedad. El objetivo de este trabajo de investigación es determinar las características clínicas y factores de riesgo en pacientes con complicaciones renales y diabetes mellitus tipo II mal controlada, en el año 2022 en el Centro de Salud de Bastión popular tipo C. El presente trabajo de titulación tiene un enfoque de investigación de tipo cuantitativo, en donde se empleó el uso de la base de datos del centro de salud de bastión popular tipo C, comprendida por los pacientes diabéticos, de donde extrajimos una muestra de pacientes diabéticos con complicaciones renales y mal apego al tratamiento. Como resultado logramos obtener una muestra de 115 pacientes de los cuales 91 pacientes poseían complicaciones renales y un mal manejo de la diabetes mellitus tipo II. De estos 91 pacientes se pudo obtener que todos ellos, mostraban niveles de hemoglobina glicosilada mayores a 7 mg/dl lo que nos indica un mal control de la enfermedad, además se obtuvo que el promedio de consultas de los pacientes diabéticos con complicaciones renales tiene un promedio de 1 a 4 citas anuales cuando el ideal es de 12 al año. Las comorbilidades asociadas, a pacientes diabéticos con complicaciones renales son la hipertensión arterial que es la afección más común con un 68%, seguida de la obesidad con un 24%. En cuanto al factor nutricional, se obtuvo mediante el IMC de los pacientes que, 37% de los pacientes se encontraban con sobrepeso, relacionando así el estado de nutrición con la progresión de la enfermedad. Los factores epidemiológicos que inciden en los pacientes con complicaciones renales y diabetes tipo II mal controlada, se concluyó que, existe una prevalencia en el sexo femenino en relación con el sexo masculino, y las edades con un pico de la enfermedad es entre los 55 a los 60 años.
Renal complications is a condition that occurs in diabetic patients, primarily in those who do not have good control of the disease. The objective of this research work is to determine the clinical characteristics and risk factors in patients with renal complications and poorly controlled type II diabetes mellitus, in the year 2022 at the Bastión Popular Type C Health Center. a quantitative research approach, where the use of the database of the popular bastion health center type C was used, appears by diabetic patients, from where we extracted a sample of diabetic patients with renal complications and poor adherence to the treatment. As a result, we were able to obtain a sample of 115 patients, of which 91 patients had renal complications and poor management of type II diabetes mellitus. Of these 91 patients, it was possible to obtain that all of them showed glycosylated hemoglobin levels greater than 7 mg/dl, which indicates poor control of the disease, in addition, it was obtained that the average number of consultations of diabetic patients with renal complications has a average of 1 to 4 appointments per year when the ideal is 12 per year. The associated comorbidities in diabetic patients with renal complications are arterial hypertension, which is the most common condition with 68%, followed by obesity with 24%. Regarding the nutritional factor, it was obtained through the BMI of the patients that 37% of the patients were found to be overweight, thus relating the state of nutrition with the progression of the disease. The epidemiological factors that affect patients with renal complications and poorly controlled type II diabetes, it was concluded that there is a prevalence in the female sex in relation to the male sex, and the ages with a peak of the disease are between 55 to the 60 years.
Renal complications is a condition that occurs in diabetic patients, primarily in those who do not have good control of the disease. The objective of this research work is to determine the clinical characteristics and risk factors in patients with renal complications and poorly controlled type II diabetes mellitus, in the year 2022 at the Bastión Popular Type C Health Center. a quantitative research approach, where the use of the database of the popular bastion health center type C was used, appears by diabetic patients, from where we extracted a sample of diabetic patients with renal complications and poor adherence to the treatment. As a result, we were able to obtain a sample of 115 patients, of which 91 patients had renal complications and poor management of type II diabetes mellitus. Of these 91 patients, it was possible to obtain that all of them showed glycosylated hemoglobin levels greater than 7 mg/dl, which indicates poor control of the disease, in addition, it was obtained that the average number of consultations of diabetic patients with renal complications has a average of 1 to 4 appointments per year when the ideal is 12 per year. The associated comorbidities in diabetic patients with renal complications are arterial hypertension, which is the most common condition with 68%, followed by obesity with 24%. Regarding the nutritional factor, it was obtained through the BMI of the patients that 37% of the patients were found to be overweight, thus relating the state of nutrition with the progression of the disease. The epidemiological factors that affect patients with renal complications and poorly controlled type II diabetes, it was concluded that there is a prevalence in the female sex in relation to the male sex, and the ages with a peak of the disease are between 55 to the 60 years.
Descripción
PDF
Palabras clave
DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2, COMPLICACIONES, NEFROPATIA DIABETICA, COMPLICACIONES, CENTRO DE SALUD BASTION POPULAR TIPO C, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR