Prevalencia e identificación de las principales causas de muerte neonatal en hospital nacional de especialidades Dr. Abel Gilbert Ponton. Periodo 2008-2010
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad Piloto de Odontología. Escuela de Postgrado "Dr. José Apolo Pineda".
Resumen
La mortalidad neonatal constituye un problema de
salud mundial y a la vez es un indicador de calidad
de la atención materna infantil.
Fueron objetivos de esta presentación caracterizar
el comportamiento de la mortalidad neonatal y su
relación con la edad materna gestacional, los
factores de riesgo y las causas de muerte neonatal
en el Hospital Nacional De Especialidades
Guayaquil Dr. Abel Gilbert Pontón del 2008-2010.
Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo y
longitudinal del comportamiento de la mortalidad
neonatal en una muestra de 149 defunciones. Se
analizaron variables maternas y del recién nacido,
cuyos datos fueron obtenidos de la revisión de
registros médicos de defunción e historias clínicas.
VIII
Se encontró que la mortalidad neonatal en el
hospital fue de tendencia creciente en el período
estudiado. En año 2008 el numero de nacidos
vivos fue 3616 con 49 defunciones (13,75), en el
2009 el número de Nacidos Vivos (NV) fue 3914
nacimientos fallecieron 63(16,09), en el 2010
fueron 4058 NV con 37 fallecimiento (9,11), Las
principales causas de muerte fueron: la sepsis, la
asfixia y las malformaciones congénitas, mientras
que los factores de riesgo más frecuentes
relacionados con el embarazo son: Salud materna
precaria, desigualdades en el acceso a la atención,
nacimientos atendidos por personal capacitado.
Estos resultados constituyen elementos sólidos para
planear intervenciones más adecuadas tanto en
unidades de cuidado neonatal como en centros de
atención de nivel primario
Neonatal mortality is a global health problem and it is also an indicator of quality of maternal and child care. Objectives of this paper were to characterize the behavior of neonatal mortality and its relation to maternal gestational age, risk factors and causes of neonatal death in the National Specialty Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Ponton Guayaquil from 2008- 2010. We performed a descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal behavior of neonatal mortality in a sample of 149 deaths. Variables were analyzed maternal and newborn whose data were obtained from review of medical records and death records. We found that neonatal mortality at the hospital was growing trend in the period studied. In 2008 the number of live births was 3616 with 49 deaths X (13.75), in 2009 the number of live births (LB) was 3914 births died 63 (16.09) in 2010 were 4058 NV (9, 11) with 37 deaths (7.3. The main causes of death were sepsis, asphyxia and congenital malformations, while the most common risk factors associated with pregnancy are: poor maternal health, inequalities in access to care, births attended by trained personnel. These results provide solid elements to plan appropriate interventions both in neonatal care units as centers of primary.
Neonatal mortality is a global health problem and it is also an indicator of quality of maternal and child care. Objectives of this paper were to characterize the behavior of neonatal mortality and its relation to maternal gestational age, risk factors and causes of neonatal death in the National Specialty Hospital Dr. Abel Gilbert Ponton Guayaquil from 2008- 2010. We performed a descriptive, retrospective and longitudinal behavior of neonatal mortality in a sample of 149 deaths. Variables were analyzed maternal and newborn whose data were obtained from review of medical records and death records. We found that neonatal mortality at the hospital was growing trend in the period studied. In 2008 the number of live births was 3616 with 49 deaths X (13.75), in 2009 the number of live births (LB) was 3914 births died 63 (16.09) in 2010 were 4058 NV (9, 11) with 37 deaths (7.3. The main causes of death were sepsis, asphyxia and congenital malformations, while the most common risk factors associated with pregnancy are: poor maternal health, inequalities in access to care, births attended by trained personnel. These results provide solid elements to plan appropriate interventions both in neonatal care units as centers of primary.
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Palabras clave
MORTALIDAD NEONATAL PRECOZ, FACTORES DE RIESGO, NEONATO