Incidencia de la contaminación urbana en la salud y diversidad de los peces del rio
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2010
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En este trabajo se analizaron las causas que han provocado la perdida de diversidad de peces en un tramo del Rio Caluma, el cual ha sido utilizado por la población como vertedero de desechos y aguas servidas, el trabajo tuvo 3 fases: campo, laboratorio y análisis de datos, en los seis muestreos realizados se tomaron muestras de agua para realizar análisis de amonio, nitritos y pH, además se capturaron peces para su identificación, se seleccionaron peces vivos al azar para realizar patología en fresco. Se encontraron en el agua niveles promedios de amonio 0.55 ppm y nitrito 0.20 ppm, pH ligeramente alcalino 7.9, lo que aumenta la toxicidad de estos compuestos nitrogenados, en los análisis patológicos en fresco se encontraron enfermedades como parasitosis, aletas raídas por bacterias, presencia excesiva de macrofagos en bazo, higado y riñón, asociadas a contaminantes urbanos. En el tramo no contaminado los valores de nitrito y amonio fueron de 0.001 ppm, valores que no causan toxicidad a los organismos acuáticos, el pH tuvo como promedio 7.2, se identificaron un total de 17 especies de peces distribuidas en 3 órdenes y 9 familias.
In this work there were analyzed the reasons that have provoked the loss of diversity of fish in a section of the Rio Caluma, which has been used by the population as dump of waste and served waters, the work had 3 phases: Field, laboratory and analysis of information, in six realized samplings water samples took to realize analysis of ammonium, nitrites and pH, in addition fish were captured for his identification, alive fish were selected at random to realize pathology in fresh air. 0.55 were in the water average levels of ammonium ppm and nitrite 0.20 ppm, pH lightly alkalinly 7.9, which increases the toxicity of these nitrogenous compounds, in the pathological analyses in fresh air they found diseases as parasitosis, fins scraped by bacteria, excessive presence of macrophages in spleen, liver and kidney, associated with urban pollutants. In the not contaminated section the values of nitrite and ammonium were of 0.001 ppm, values that do not cause toxicity to the aquatic organisms, the pH took 7.2 as an average, there wereidentified a total of 17 species of fish distributed in 3 orders and 9 families
In this work there were analyzed the reasons that have provoked the loss of diversity of fish in a section of the Rio Caluma, which has been used by the population as dump of waste and served waters, the work had 3 phases: Field, laboratory and analysis of information, in six realized samplings water samples took to realize analysis of ammonium, nitrites and pH, in addition fish were captured for his identification, alive fish were selected at random to realize pathology in fresh air. 0.55 were in the water average levels of ammonium ppm and nitrite 0.20 ppm, pH lightly alkalinly 7.9, which increases the toxicity of these nitrogenous compounds, in the pathological analyses in fresh air they found diseases as parasitosis, fins scraped by bacteria, excessive presence of macrophages in spleen, liver and kidney, associated with urban pollutants. In the not contaminated section the values of nitrite and ammonium were of 0.001 ppm, values that do not cause toxicity to the aquatic organisms, the pH took 7.2 as an average, there wereidentified a total of 17 species of fish distributed in 3 orders and 9 families
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AMONIO, DIVERSIDAD, CUENCA HIDROGRÁFICA, CONTAMINACIÓN URBANA, PECES DE RÍO