Susceptibilidad de plantas de banano cv. Williams tratadas con etilmetanosulfanato (ems) a sigatoka negra (mycosphaerella fijiensis morelet) en condiciones de campo
Fecha
2016
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lFacultad de Ciencias Agrarias Universidad de Guayaqui
Resumen
El presente trabajo de investigación se realizó en la Estación Experimental Tropical Pichilingue del INIAP, ubicada en la provincia de Los Ríos en el Km 5 vía Quevedo - El Empalme.
Los objetivos específicos fueron los siguientes: a) Determinar la incidencia y severidad de Sigatoka negra en plantas de banano cv. Williams tratadas con EMS. b) Evaluar el efecto de Sigatoka negra sobre las características agronómicas de banano cv. Williams tratadas con EMS.
El diseño empleado fue completamente al azar, debido a que cada una de las plantas procedentes del tratamiento mutagénico fueron individuos diferentes no fueron sembradas en bloques ni tenían repeticiones. Los datos fueron analizados con el programa estadístico InfoStat/E, para comparar las medias se utilizó la prueba de rangos múltiples de Tukey=0,05, también para comparar grupos de plantas de iguales características se usó el Test de Scott & Knott Alfa=0,05.
Las variables registradas fueron las siguientes: número de hojas por planta en la etapa vegetativa, hoja más joven con mancha (HJM), severidad, altura de planta (cm), diámetro del pseudotallo (cm), número de hojas en floración, número de días a cosecha, número de días de floración a cosecha, número de hojas funcionales a la cosecha, grado del racimo, peso neto/racimo (kg), número de manos y longitud de dedo (pulg).
De acuerdo a resultados se concluyó lo siguiente: a) El tratamiento 1%-1H alcanzó el mayor número de hojas por planta, número de hojas en floración y número de hojas funcionales a la cosecha, al igual que la hoja más joven con mancha. b) El tratamiento 0,5%-6H obtuvo la menor severidad de Sigatoka negra, al igual que el mayor peso neto/racimo (kg) y número de manos. c) El tratamiento 0,5%-3H alcanzó la menor altura de planta, al igual que el menor número de días a cosecha y el mayor número de grados del racimo. d) El tratamiento 1%-3H alcanzó la menor altura de planta y la mayor longitud de dedo (pulg). e) El tratamiento 0,5%-1H tuvo el mayor diámetro de pseudotallo y el menor número de días de floración a cosecha. f) El tratamiento 0,5%-3H obtuvo el menor número de días a cosecha y el mayor número de grados del racimo.
This research was conducted at the INIAP Pichilingue Tropical Experimental Station, located in the province of Los Rios in the Km 5 via Quevedo - El Empalme. The specific objectives were: a) To determine the incidence and severity of black Sigatoka in banana plants cv. Williams treated with EMS. b) evaluate the effect of black Sigatoka on the agronomic characteristics of banana cv. Williams treated with EMS. The design was completely random, because each of the plants from the mutagenic treatment were not different individuals were planted in blocks and had no repetitions. Data were analyzed with statistical software InfoStat / E, to compare the means test Tukey multiple range = 0.05 was used, the Scott & Knott test Alfa = 0 is also to compare groups of plants with the same characteristics used 05. The variables recorded were: number of leaves per plant in the vegetative stage, youngest leaf spotted (YLS), severity, plant height (cm), pseudostem diameter (cm), number of leaves at flowering, number of days to harvest, number of days from flowering to harvest, number of functional leaves at harvest, grade cluster, net weight / bunch (kg), number of hands and finger length (in). According to results the following conclusions: a) Treatment 1% -1H reached the highest number of leaves per plant, number of leaves in flowering and number of functional leaves at harvest, as the youngest leaf spotted. b) Treatment 6H gained 0.5% lower severity of black Sigatoka, as the largest net weight / bunch (kg) and number of hands. c) Treatment -3H reached 0.5% less plant height, like the fewest days to harvest and as many degrees cluster. d) Treatment 1% -3 reached the lowest plant height and longer finger (in). e) Treatment -1H 0.5% had the highest pseudostem diameter and the least number of days from flowering to harvest. f) Treatment 0.5% -3 had the lowest number of days to harvest and the largest number of degrees from the cluster.
This research was conducted at the INIAP Pichilingue Tropical Experimental Station, located in the province of Los Rios in the Km 5 via Quevedo - El Empalme. The specific objectives were: a) To determine the incidence and severity of black Sigatoka in banana plants cv. Williams treated with EMS. b) evaluate the effect of black Sigatoka on the agronomic characteristics of banana cv. Williams treated with EMS. The design was completely random, because each of the plants from the mutagenic treatment were not different individuals were planted in blocks and had no repetitions. Data were analyzed with statistical software InfoStat / E, to compare the means test Tukey multiple range = 0.05 was used, the Scott & Knott test Alfa = 0 is also to compare groups of plants with the same characteristics used 05. The variables recorded were: number of leaves per plant in the vegetative stage, youngest leaf spotted (YLS), severity, plant height (cm), pseudostem diameter (cm), number of leaves at flowering, number of days to harvest, number of days from flowering to harvest, number of functional leaves at harvest, grade cluster, net weight / bunch (kg), number of hands and finger length (in). According to results the following conclusions: a) Treatment 1% -1H reached the highest number of leaves per plant, number of leaves in flowering and number of functional leaves at harvest, as the youngest leaf spotted. b) Treatment 6H gained 0.5% lower severity of black Sigatoka, as the largest net weight / bunch (kg) and number of hands. c) Treatment -3H reached 0.5% less plant height, like the fewest days to harvest and as many degrees cluster. d) Treatment 1% -3 reached the lowest plant height and longer finger (in). e) Treatment -1H 0.5% had the highest pseudostem diameter and the least number of days from flowering to harvest. f) Treatment 0.5% -3 had the lowest number of days to harvest and the largest number of degrees from the cluster.
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BANANO, SIGATOKA NEGRA, RENDIMIENTO