Cromoendoscopia de polipos colónicos en el diagóstico temprano de cáncer colorectar
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La cromoendoscopía es una técnica de diagnóstico en la que se rocía o se lava una sustancia
química sobre la superficie de la mucosa del tracto gastrointestinal para resaltar áreas específicas,
delimita y evalúa lesiones colorrectales, se recomienda cada vez más en los programas de
vigilancia destinados a detectar tejido displásico o neoplásico. OBJETIVO: Determinar la
utilidad de la cromoendoscopía de pólipos colónicos en el diagnóstico temprano de cáncer
colorrectal. METODOLOGÍA: El estudio fue observacional, descriptivo, retrospectivo y de corte
transversal. RESULTADOS: Se analizaron 100 pacientes donde el género que predominó fue el
femenino con el 72%, edad media se situó en 64,55 años, con una mediana de 66 años, el 53%
tuvo como indicación de cromoendoscopía la presencia de sangrado digestivo bajo, el 56% de los
pólipos se localizaron en el colon izquierdo, el 72% de los pólipos colónico tienen un tamaño <5
mm, el 49% de los pólipos colónico tenían una forma sésil, el 31% una forma plana y el 20% la
forma pediculado, el 50% de los pólipos colónicos presentaron en su histopatología adenoma con
displasia de alto grado, el 40% presento un Kudo estadio IIIs.. CONCLUSIONES: En nuestro
estudio la cromoendoscopía realizo el diagnóstico de cáncer colónico en más de la mitad de los
casos, al detectar adenomas con displasia de alto grado.
Chromoendoscopy is a diagnostic technique in which a chemical is sprayed or washed over the mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract to highlight specific areas, delineate and evaluate colorectal lesions, it is increasingly recommended in surveillance programs aimed at detect dysplastic or neoplastic tissue. OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of colonic polyp chromoendoscopy in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. METHODOLOGY: The study was observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional. RESULTS: 100 patients were analyzed where the predominant gender was female with 72%, mean age was 64.55 years, with a median of 66 years, 53% had the presence of lower digestive bleeding as an indication for chromoendoscopy, the 56% of polyps were located in the left colon, 72% of colonic polyps were <5 mm in size, 49% of colonic polyps were sessile, 31% flat, and 20% sessile. pedunculated, 50% of colonic polyps presented adenoma with high-grade dysplasia in histopathology, 40% presented Kudo stage IIIs. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, chromoendoscopy made the diagnosis of colon cancer in more than half of the patients cases, by detecting adenomas with high-grade dysplasia. KEYWORDS; chromoendoscopy, colon polyp, colorectal cancer
Chromoendoscopy is a diagnostic technique in which a chemical is sprayed or washed over the mucosal surface of the gastrointestinal tract to highlight specific areas, delineate and evaluate colorectal lesions, it is increasingly recommended in surveillance programs aimed at detect dysplastic or neoplastic tissue. OBJECTIVE: To determine the usefulness of colonic polyp chromoendoscopy in the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer. METHODOLOGY: The study was observational, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional. RESULTS: 100 patients were analyzed where the predominant gender was female with 72%, mean age was 64.55 years, with a median of 66 years, 53% had the presence of lower digestive bleeding as an indication for chromoendoscopy, the 56% of polyps were located in the left colon, 72% of colonic polyps were <5 mm in size, 49% of colonic polyps were sessile, 31% flat, and 20% sessile. pedunculated, 50% of colonic polyps presented adenoma with high-grade dysplasia in histopathology, 40% presented Kudo stage IIIs. CONCLUSIONS: In our study, chromoendoscopy made the diagnosis of colon cancer in more than half of the patients cases, by detecting adenomas with high-grade dysplasia. KEYWORDS; chromoendoscopy, colon polyp, colorectal cancer
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Tracto Gastrointestinal, Endoscopia, Traumatismos, Hospital Solca de Guayaquil, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador