Interacciones farmacológicas detectadas en posibles tratamientos contra Covid-19 en pacientes con hipertensión arterial y diabetes mellitus tipo II
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
La infección por el coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) ha creado una emergencia sanitaria mundial con una carga mundial sin precedentes. Las manifestaciones clínicas de COVID-19 incluyen fiebre, tos seca y fatiga, mientras que en algunos pacientes se acompañan de congestión nasal, secreción nasal, dolor de garganta, mialgia y diarrea. La mayoría de los casos graves y mortales con COVID-19 se han producido en ancianos o en pacientes con comorbilidades subyacentes, en particular enfermedades cardiovasculares, diabetes mellitus, enfermedad pulmonar y renal crónica, hipertensión. y cáncer. Las interacciones farmacológicas son unas de las principales causas de reacciones farmacológicas adversas que con frecuencia requieren hospitalización. Estas ocurren cuando el efecto de un fármaco es modificado farmacocinéticamente o farmacodinámicamente por un fármaco coadministrado. Las principales interacciones se atribuyen a los efectos sobre las isoenzimas del citocromo P450 (CYP 450). El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar las interacciones farmacológicas de relevancia clínica en los tratamientos para COVID-19 en pacientes con hipertensión y diabetes mellitus tipo II mediante el uso de bases de datos para mejoría de la eficiencia, calidad y seguridad de los tratamientos. Esta investigación tiene un enfoque cuantitativo con recolección de datos bibliográficos de tipo no experimental de diseño transversal descriptivo. Los resultados permitieron determinar un total de 33 interacciones farmacológicas, de las cuales
16 se consideran de relevancia clínica. La combinación de atazanavir – repaglinida está considerada como de muy alto riesgo y por tanto no se recomienda su coadministración.
The infection by the virus SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) has created a global health emergency with an unprecedented global burden. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 include fever, dry cough, and fatigue, while in some patients are accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, myalgia, and diarrhea. Most of the serious and fatal cases with COVID-19 have occurred in the elderly or in patients with underlying comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung and kidney disease, hypertension. and cancer. Drug interactions are one of the main causes of adverse drug reactions that often require hospitalization. These occur when the effect of a drug is pharmacokinetically or pharmacodynamically modified by a co- administered drug. The main interactions are attributed to effects on cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (CYP 450). The present work aims to analyze the pharmacological interactions of clinical relevance in the treatments for COVID-19 in patients with hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus by revision of existing databases to improve the efficiency, quality, and safety of the treatments. This research has a quantitative approach with the collection of bibliographic data of a non-experimental type of descriptive cross-sectional design. The results allowed determining a total of 33 drug interactions, of which 16 are considered to be of clinical relevance. The atazanavir - repaglinide combination is considered very high risk and therefore its co-administration is not recommended.
The infection by the virus SARS-CoV-2 (Coronavirus disease 2019, COVID-19) has created a global health emergency with an unprecedented global burden. The clinical manifestations of COVID-19 include fever, dry cough, and fatigue, while in some patients are accompanied by nasal congestion, runny nose, sore throat, myalgia, and diarrhea. Most of the serious and fatal cases with COVID-19 have occurred in the elderly or in patients with underlying comorbidities, particularly cardiovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic lung and kidney disease, hypertension. and cancer. Drug interactions are one of the main causes of adverse drug reactions that often require hospitalization. These occur when the effect of a drug is pharmacokinetically or pharmacodynamically modified by a co- administered drug. The main interactions are attributed to effects on cytochrome P450 isoenzymes (CYP 450). The present work aims to analyze the pharmacological interactions of clinical relevance in the treatments for COVID-19 in patients with hypertension and type II diabetes mellitus by revision of existing databases to improve the efficiency, quality, and safety of the treatments. This research has a quantitative approach with the collection of bibliographic data of a non-experimental type of descriptive cross-sectional design. The results allowed determining a total of 33 drug interactions, of which 16 are considered to be of clinical relevance. The atazanavir - repaglinide combination is considered very high risk and therefore its co-administration is not recommended.
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INTERACCIÓN FARMACOLÓGICA, SARS-COV-2, DIABETES, HIPERTENSIÓN