ESTRATEGIAS DE AFRONTAMIENTO EN PACIENTES CON CÁNCER DE MAMA TIPO CARCINOMA DUCTAL EN SOLCA MACHALA, AÑO 2016 - 2017
Fecha
2016-12
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
Resumen
El presente trabajo investigativo sobre estrategias de afrontamiento en pacientes con
cáncer de mama tipo carcinoma ductal en SOLCA Machala, se desarrolló a partir de una
situación problemica que surgió en el ambiente hospitalario. La situación problemica
relacionada con el desconocimiento de estrategias de afrontamiento saludables ante la
enfermedad fue el motor impulsor que llevó a la elaboración de una propuesta
psicoterapéutica y a plantear el objetivo general de la investigación, “diseño de un programa
psicoterapéutico grupal para contribuir al mejoramiento de estrategias de afrontamiento en
pacientes femeninos con cáncer de mama tipo carcinoma ductal en SOLCA Machala.
Consecutivamente para llevar a efecto tal actividad se seleccionó la metodología a utilizar;
se optó por la investigación cualitativa, socio crítica; el cuestionario COPE 28, la encuesta y
observación. Se identificó población (59 mujeres) diagnosticadas con cáncer de mama en el
periodo 2014. Posterior se seleccionó la muestra (49 pacientes mujeres) de acuerdo a un
procedimiento de muestreo no probabilístico que consideró criterios de inclusión como haber
sido diagnosticada de cáncer de mama tipo carcinoma ductal; ser mayor de edad y mujer. La
investigación terminó realizándose con 21 pacientes que decidieron participar y que
representan el 42.85% del total de la muestra, (las otras, fallecieron (6); 8 fueron referidas; 4
desertoras y 10 no participaron). Los resultados que se obtuvieron dan cuenta clara que de 14
estrategias que valoran la capacidad de afrontamiento, 11 de ellas están afectadas y requieren
intervención psicoterapéutica para mejorarlas y optimizar capacidad de afrontamiento al
cáncer en pacientes
The current research related to coping strategies in patients with breast cancer, type ductal carcinoma at SOLCA Machala, was developed from a problematic situation that arose in the hospital environment. The problematic situation related to the ignorance of healthy coping strategies in dealing with the disease, was the encouragement that led toward the elaboration of a psychotherapeutic proposal and plan the general objective of the research, "design of a group psychotherapeutic program to contribute to the improvement of coping strategies on female with breast cancer type ductal carcinoma in SOLCA Machala. In order to carry out this activity, the methodology to be used was selected as follows; qualitative research, was chosen, as well as socio-critical; The COPE 28 questionnaire, the survey and observation A population (59 women) diagnosed with breast cancer in the period 2014 was identified. Subsequently, sample of (49 female patients) was selected, according to a non-probabilistic sample procedure that considered inclusion criteria such as having been diagnosed with breast cancer type ductal carcinoma; being adult women. The investigation ended up with 21 patients who decided to participate ( six of the other women died, eight were transferred, four were left behind and ten women, decided not to take part of it ) this represents 42.85% of the total sample. The results obtained clearly show that of 14 strategies that assess coping capacity, 11 of them are affected and require psychotherapeutic intervention to improve them and optimize coping capacity in patients
The current research related to coping strategies in patients with breast cancer, type ductal carcinoma at SOLCA Machala, was developed from a problematic situation that arose in the hospital environment. The problematic situation related to the ignorance of healthy coping strategies in dealing with the disease, was the encouragement that led toward the elaboration of a psychotherapeutic proposal and plan the general objective of the research, "design of a group psychotherapeutic program to contribute to the improvement of coping strategies on female with breast cancer type ductal carcinoma in SOLCA Machala. In order to carry out this activity, the methodology to be used was selected as follows; qualitative research, was chosen, as well as socio-critical; The COPE 28 questionnaire, the survey and observation A population (59 women) diagnosed with breast cancer in the period 2014 was identified. Subsequently, sample of (49 female patients) was selected, according to a non-probabilistic sample procedure that considered inclusion criteria such as having been diagnosed with breast cancer type ductal carcinoma; being adult women. The investigation ended up with 21 patients who decided to participate ( six of the other women died, eight were transferred, four were left behind and ten women, decided not to take part of it ) this represents 42.85% of the total sample. The results obtained clearly show that of 14 strategies that assess coping capacity, 11 of them are affected and require psychotherapeutic intervention to improve them and optimize coping capacity in patients
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Palabras clave
Cáncer carcinoma ductal, estrategias de afrontamiento