Estudio bibliográfico de la actividad antimicrobiana in vitro del aceite esencial de Origanum vulgare (Orégano) frente a Helicobacter pylori
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El aceite de Origanum vulgare presenta acción contra bacterias Gram positivas y Gram negativas como la Helicobacter pylori, esta acción antibacteriana puede deberse al efecto sobre la capa externa de la membrana celular bacteriana que ocasiona cambios en la estructura de los ácidos grasos. Se realizó un estudio no experimental u observacional, recopilando información documentada y antecedentes experimentales que determinan la capacidad antimicrobiana del orégano (Origanum vulgare) presente en el aceite esencial frente al Helicobacter pylori. La investigación bibliográfica tiene como objetivo principal proporcionar conocimientos específicamente sobre la capacidad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial de la planta de Orégano (Origanum vulgare) frente al H. pylori. Se manejó una investigación exploratoria de la composición química para conocer que compuestos contienen la capacidad antimicrobiana del aceite esencial del orégano contra la bacteria Gram-negativa, la indagación se realiza en antecedentes de estudios realizados fuera del país. Los resultados obtenidos indicaron que los elementos que poseen la capacidad antimicrobiana son: carvacrol y timol, de acuerdo a las investigaciones realizadas mediante prueba de sensibilidad (halos de inhibición). Además, se utilizó el análisis de varianza lo cual permitió determinar la existencia de un efecto significativo del factor concentración con respecto al halo de inhibición que es la acción antimicrobiana del aceite esencial del orégano contra el Helicobacter pylori. Sin embargo, existe poca evidencia sobre la actividad antimicrobiana, se recomienda continuar las investigaciones para en algún futuro implementarlo en un fármaco e inhibir el crecimiento de esta bacteria u otra bacteria.
Origanum vulgare oil has action against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori, this antibacterial action may be due to the effect on the outer layer of the bacterial cell membrane that causes changes in the structure of fatty acids. A non-experimental or observational study was carried out, collecting documented information and experimental background that determine the antimicrobial capacity of oregano (Origanum vulgare) present in the essential oil against Helicobacter pylori. The main objective of the bibliographic research is to provide knowledge specifically about the antimicrobial capacity of the essential oil of the Oregano plant (Origanum vulgare) against H. pylori. An exploratory investigation of the chemical composition was carried out to find out which compounds contain the antimicrobial capacity of the essential oil of oregano against Gram-negative bacteria, the investigation is carried out in the background of studies carried out outside the country. The results obtained indicated that the elements that possess the antimicrobial capacity are: carvacrol and thymol, according to the investigations carried out by means of a sensitivity test (inhibition halos). In addition, the analysis of variance was used, which allowed determining the existence of a significant effect of the concentration factor with respect to the inhibition halo, which is the antimicrobial action of the essential oil of oregano against Helicobacter pylori. However, there is little evidence on the antimicrobial activity, it is recommended to continue research to implement it in a drug in the future and inhibit the growth of this bacterium or another bacterium.
Origanum vulgare oil has action against Gram positive and Gram negative bacteria such as Helicobacter pylori, this antibacterial action may be due to the effect on the outer layer of the bacterial cell membrane that causes changes in the structure of fatty acids. A non-experimental or observational study was carried out, collecting documented information and experimental background that determine the antimicrobial capacity of oregano (Origanum vulgare) present in the essential oil against Helicobacter pylori. The main objective of the bibliographic research is to provide knowledge specifically about the antimicrobial capacity of the essential oil of the Oregano plant (Origanum vulgare) against H. pylori. An exploratory investigation of the chemical composition was carried out to find out which compounds contain the antimicrobial capacity of the essential oil of oregano against Gram-negative bacteria, the investigation is carried out in the background of studies carried out outside the country. The results obtained indicated that the elements that possess the antimicrobial capacity are: carvacrol and thymol, according to the investigations carried out by means of a sensitivity test (inhibition halos). In addition, the analysis of variance was used, which allowed determining the existence of a significant effect of the concentration factor with respect to the inhibition halo, which is the antimicrobial action of the essential oil of oregano against Helicobacter pylori. However, there is little evidence on the antimicrobial activity, it is recommended to continue research to implement it in a drug in the future and inhibit the growth of this bacterium or another bacterium.
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ACEITES ESENCIALES, ORÉGANO, ANTIMICROBIANO, CARVACROL, TIMOL