Reacciones adversas a medicamentos antifímicos en pacientes VIH que inician tratamiento.
Fecha
2022
Título de la revista
ISSN de la revista
Título del volumen
Editor
Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Químicas
Resumen
El presente estudio denominado: “Reacciones Adversas a Medicamentos Antifímicos en pacientes VIH que inician tratamiento”, pretende valorar las reacciones adversas que se producen en los pacientes VIH debido a tratamientos que incluyen medicamentos antifímicos. El objetivo en esta investigación fue clasificar y describir las principales reacciones adversas producidas por medicamentos antifímicos en pacientes con VIH. Se desarrolló una Investigación documental de enfoque cualitativo, con tipo de estudio descriptivo-explicativo causal, de diseño conceptual, y corte transversal; se utilizó como instrumento de investigación la revisión de bases de datos de artículos científicos de alto impacto, de la última década. Las reacciones adversas más frecuentes a medicamentos antifímicos se determinaron considerando características similares en los pacientes, como: entorno, nacionalidad, hábitos alimenticios, tratamiento antirretroviral utilizado, estado clínico; evidenciando que las de mayor prevalencia fueron: rash cutáneo, artralgia, polineuropatías, insuficiencia renal, neuritis óptica, destacando los problemas digestivos (36%) y hepatoxicidad medicamentosa (75%), cuyo nivel de agresividad dependía de la carga viral y patologías previas del paciente, sensibilizándolo frente a los tratamientos antifímicos, que en Ecuador tiene un solo esquema para todos los casos. Los resultados de esta investigación permitieron clasificar y describir las principales reacciones adversas producidas por medicamentos antifímicos en pacientes con VIH dentro de la literatura seleccionada, resaltando la urgencia de protocolizar los tratamientos antifímicos, incluyendo una evaluación clínica inicial, dar seguimiento fármaco-terapéutico durante el periodo de consumo de los medicamentos antituberculosos, implementar esquemas puntuales con directrices recomendados por la OMS y la UNICEF, para disminuir significativamente la aparición de reacciones adversas, especialmente la hepatotoxicidad medicamentosa.
The present study entitled: "Adverse Reactions to Antifungal Drugs in HIV patients initiating treatment", aims to assess the adverse reactions that occur in HIV patients due to treatments that include antifungal drugs. The objective of this research was to classify and describe the main adverse reactions produced by antipsychotic drugs in HIV patients. Documentary research with a qualitative approach was developed, with a descriptive-explanatory causal study type, conceptual design, and cross- sectional cut; a review of databases of high impact scientific articles of the last decade was used as a research instrument. The most frequent adverse reactions to antifungal drugs were determined considering similar characteristics in patients, such as: environment, nationality, dietary habits, antiretroviral treatment used, clinical status; evidencing that those with the highest prevalence were: cutaneous rash, arthralgia, polyneuropathies, renal failure, optic neuritis, highlighting digestive problems (36%) and drug hepatoxicity (75%), whose level of aggressiveness depended on the viral load and previous pathologies of the patient, sensitizing him to the antifungal treatments, which in Ecuador has a single scheme for all cases. The results of this research allowed classifying and describing the main adverse reactions produced by antifungal drugs in HIV patients within the selected literature, highlighting the urgency of protocolizing antifungal treatments, including an initial clinical evaluation, providing pharmaco-therapeutic follow-up during the period of consumption of antituberculosis drugs, implementing specific schemes with guidelines recommended by WHO and UNICEF, to significantly reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, especially drug hepatotoxicity.
The present study entitled: "Adverse Reactions to Antifungal Drugs in HIV patients initiating treatment", aims to assess the adverse reactions that occur in HIV patients due to treatments that include antifungal drugs. The objective of this research was to classify and describe the main adverse reactions produced by antipsychotic drugs in HIV patients. Documentary research with a qualitative approach was developed, with a descriptive-explanatory causal study type, conceptual design, and cross- sectional cut; a review of databases of high impact scientific articles of the last decade was used as a research instrument. The most frequent adverse reactions to antifungal drugs were determined considering similar characteristics in patients, such as: environment, nationality, dietary habits, antiretroviral treatment used, clinical status; evidencing that those with the highest prevalence were: cutaneous rash, arthralgia, polyneuropathies, renal failure, optic neuritis, highlighting digestive problems (36%) and drug hepatoxicity (75%), whose level of aggressiveness depended on the viral load and previous pathologies of the patient, sensitizing him to the antifungal treatments, which in Ecuador has a single scheme for all cases. The results of this research allowed classifying and describing the main adverse reactions produced by antifungal drugs in HIV patients within the selected literature, highlighting the urgency of protocolizing antifungal treatments, including an initial clinical evaluation, providing pharmaco-therapeutic follow-up during the period of consumption of antituberculosis drugs, implementing specific schemes with guidelines recommended by WHO and UNICEF, to significantly reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions, especially drug hepatotoxicity.
Descripción
Pdf
Palabras clave
REACCIONES ADVERSAS, VIH, TUBERCULOSIS, MEDICAMENTOS ANTIFÍMICOS, HEPATOTOXICIDAD MEDICAMENTOSA