FACTORES DE RIESGO QUE INCIDEN EN EL SÍNDROME DE BURNOUT EN DOCENTES DE LA UNIVERSIDAD TÉCNICA DE MACHALA
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2017-06
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Universidad de Guayaquil Facultad de Ciencias Psicológicas
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El estudio de factores de riesgo que inciden en el Síndrome de Burnout en docentes de la Universidad Técnica de Machala, tiene el objetivo de comprobar su presencia en los docentes de la Universidad Técnica de Machala, en una muestra conformada por un total de 172 docentes., mediante la aplicación del inventario de estrés y el Inventario de Burnout de Maslach. Como parte del resultado se identificó que no existe relación entre el género y la experiencia laboral, entre las características sociodemográficas estudiadas está que la edad promedio de los hombres es de 45 años y el de las mujeres de 48 años, la mayor cantidad de docentes (masculinos y femeninos) se encuentra entre 1 y 5 años de experiencia y un 9.3 % corresponde a docentes con más de 25 años de carrera. Otros de los resultados presentó que los estresores de mayor repercusión en los docentes son los llamados alumnos difíciles que obtuvo una coincidencia de 121, salarios inadecuados con 113 coincidencias y el de mucho trabajo por hacer que presentó un excesivo estrés a 88 docentes, de los cuales 84 lo catalogan de mucho estrés y pobres perspectivas de promoción personal fue mencionado por 86 que consideran que esta situación les provoca un excesivo estrés.
Se concluyó que 48 docentes presentan el Síndrome de Burnout y al verificar los niveles, el componente agotamiento emocional tuvo valores medios en 18 docentes, altos para 21, solo 9 de ellos manifestaron niveles bajos; la despersonalización, presentó 21 docentes con valores medios y 14 sujetos con nivel alto mientras que la realización personal obtuvo valores bajos en 20 sujetos y nivel medio en 15 sujetos. La recomendación fue la creación de una Unidad de Bienestar del Docente, que promueva un Centro De Atención con proyectos de asistencia desde el ingreso del docente hasta su jubilación
The study of risk factors that affect Burnout Syndrome in teachers of the Technical University of Machala, has the objective of verifying its presence in the teachers of the Technical University of Machala, in a sample made up of a total of 172 teachers. Through the application of the stress inventory and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. As part of the result, among the socio-demographic characteristics studied is that the average age of men is 45 years and that of women of 48 years, the largest number of teachers (male and female) is between 1 and 5 years of experience and 9.3% corresponds to teachers with more than 25 years of career. It was identified that there is no relationship between gender and work experience. Other results showed that the stressors with the greatest impact on teachers are the so-called difficult students who obtained a coincidence of 121, inadequate salaries with 113 coincidences and that of "a lot of work to be done" that presented an excessive stress to 88 teachers, from Which 84 are considered to be very stressful and "poor prospects for personal promotion" were mentioned by 86 who consider that this situation causes them excessive stress. It was concluded that 48 teachers present Burnout Syndrome and when verifying levels, the emotional exhaustion component had mean values in 18 teachers, high for 21, only 9 of them showed low levels; The depersonalization, presented 21 teachers with mean values and 14 subjects with high level while the personal realization obtained low values in 20 subjects and average level in 15 subjects. The recommendations were the creation of a Teacher Well-Being Unit, which promotes the creation of a Care Center with assistance projects from the teacher's admission to retirement
The study of risk factors that affect Burnout Syndrome in teachers of the Technical University of Machala, has the objective of verifying its presence in the teachers of the Technical University of Machala, in a sample made up of a total of 172 teachers. Through the application of the stress inventory and the Maslach Burnout Inventory. As part of the result, among the socio-demographic characteristics studied is that the average age of men is 45 years and that of women of 48 years, the largest number of teachers (male and female) is between 1 and 5 years of experience and 9.3% corresponds to teachers with more than 25 years of career. It was identified that there is no relationship between gender and work experience. Other results showed that the stressors with the greatest impact on teachers are the so-called difficult students who obtained a coincidence of 121, inadequate salaries with 113 coincidences and that of "a lot of work to be done" that presented an excessive stress to 88 teachers, from Which 84 are considered to be very stressful and "poor prospects for personal promotion" were mentioned by 86 who consider that this situation causes them excessive stress. It was concluded that 48 teachers present Burnout Syndrome and when verifying levels, the emotional exhaustion component had mean values in 18 teachers, high for 21, only 9 of them showed low levels; The depersonalization, presented 21 teachers with mean values and 14 subjects with high level while the personal realization obtained low values in 20 subjects and average level in 15 subjects. The recommendations were the creation of a Teacher Well-Being Unit, which promotes the creation of a Care Center with assistance projects from the teacher's admission to retirement
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Síndrome de Burnout, estrés laboral, factores de riesgo