Utilidad de ecocardiografía de strés para detección de enfermedad arterial coronaria con pretest alto según coronariografía
Fecha
2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La enfermedad arterial coronaria es una de las principales causas de muerte en varios países del
mundo, por lo cual es muy importante su estudio a fin de que se fomenten estrategias de prevención
y diagnóstico oportuno. Varias investigaciones han expuesto que la ecocardiografía de estrés con
dobutamina ha resultado ser un método útil para la detección, por lo tanto, la presente investigación
se realizó en base a estas premisas.
Objetivo: Determinar la utilidad de la ecocardiografía con estrés para la detección de enfermedad
arterial coronaria en pacientes con pretest alto según cinecoronariografía
Metodología: El estudio fue desarrollado en el Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil “Los
Ceibos”, es una institución que pertenece al Instituto Ecuatoriano de Seguridad Social (IESS).
Donde se aplicó una metodología de tipo observacional, analítico, retrospectiva y correlacional,
siendo el principal objeto de estudio las historias clínicas de una muestra de 209 pacientes. Los
datos recopilados fueron analizados en el programa estadístico SPSS 21.
Resultados: Los resultados mostraron que de un total de 209 pacientes que presentaron pre
test alto, a quienes se les realizó ecocardiograma de estrés con dobutamina, dando resultado
positivo 132 que corresponde al 63,2% del total de pacientes, estos 132 pacientes fueron
sometidos a una coronariografía la cual pudo detectar 84 pacientes con resultado positivo
para enfermedad arterial coronaria que corresponde al 64% y 48 pacientes dieron resultado
negativo para enfermedad arterial coronaria que corresponde al 36%. Con esto se confirmó
la utilidad del ecocardiograma de estrés para detección de enfermedad arterial coronaria en
pacientes con pre test alto y su correlación entre éste con la coronariografía.
Conclusiones: Se concluye de forma general que la ecocardiografía con estrés es una prueba
muy eficiente con la que se puede determinar si los pacientes tienen enfermedades arteriales
coronarias, de esta forma se corrobora que se debe utilizar para estos fines dentro de los
hospitales, sobre todos por las ventajas que posee para poder determinar un tratamiento eficaz.
Palabras clave: Enfermedad arterial coronaria, ecocardiografía de estrés, coronariografía
Coronary artery disease is one of the main causes of death in several countries of the world, for which its study is very important in order to promote prevention strategies and timely diagnosis. Several investigations have shown that dobutamine stress echocardiography has turned out to be a useful method for detection, therefore, the present investigation was carried out based on these premises. Objective: To determine the usefulness of stress echocardiography for the detection of coronary artery disease in patients with high pretest according to coronary angiography. Methodology: The study was developed at the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil "Los Ceibos", it is an institution that belongs to the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS). Where an observational, analytical, retrospective and correlational methodology was applied, the main object of study being the medical records of a sample of 209 patients. The data collected was analyzed in the statistical program SPSS 21. Results: The results showed that of a total of 209 patients who presented a high pre-test, who underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography, giving a positive result in 132, which corresponds to 63.2% of the total number of patients, these 132 patients underwent a coronary angiography which was able to detect 84 patients with a positive result for coronary artery disease corresponding to 64% and 48 patients with a negative result for coronary artery disease corresponding to 36%. With this, the usefulness of stress echocardiography for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with high pre-test and its correlation between it and coronary angiography was confirmed. Conclusions: It is concluded in a general way that stress echocardiography is a very efficient test with which it can be determined if patients have coronary artery diseases, in this way it is corroborated that it should be used for these purposes within hospitals, especially for the advantages it has to determine an effective treatment.
Coronary artery disease is one of the main causes of death in several countries of the world, for which its study is very important in order to promote prevention strategies and timely diagnosis. Several investigations have shown that dobutamine stress echocardiography has turned out to be a useful method for detection, therefore, the present investigation was carried out based on these premises. Objective: To determine the usefulness of stress echocardiography for the detection of coronary artery disease in patients with high pretest according to coronary angiography. Methodology: The study was developed at the Hospital General del Norte de Guayaquil "Los Ceibos", it is an institution that belongs to the Ecuadorian Institute of Social Security (IESS). Where an observational, analytical, retrospective and correlational methodology was applied, the main object of study being the medical records of a sample of 209 patients. The data collected was analyzed in the statistical program SPSS 21. Results: The results showed that of a total of 209 patients who presented a high pre-test, who underwent dobutamine stress echocardiography, giving a positive result in 132, which corresponds to 63.2% of the total number of patients, these 132 patients underwent a coronary angiography which was able to detect 84 patients with a positive result for coronary artery disease corresponding to 64% and 48 patients with a negative result for coronary artery disease corresponding to 36%. With this, the usefulness of stress echocardiography for detecting coronary artery disease in patients with high pre-test and its correlation between it and coronary angiography was confirmed. Conclusions: It is concluded in a general way that stress echocardiography is a very efficient test with which it can be determined if patients have coronary artery diseases, in this way it is corroborated that it should be used for these purposes within hospitals, especially for the advantages it has to determine an effective treatment.
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Ecocardiografía, Enfermedad arterial coronaria, Estudio de casos, Hospital del IESS Los Ceibos, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador