Análisis de factores de riesgos ergonómicos y sus efectos en la salud asociados a la manipulación de carga en los estibadores de la Empresa Estibesa.
Fecha
2023-12-19
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Salud e Higiene Industrial.
Resumen
El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo general determinar los riesgos ergonómicos y trastornos musculoesqueléticos vinculados a la manipulación de carga, con énfasis en la calidad de vida, desempeño y ausentismo laboral. Los objetivos específicos incluyen evaluar los factores de riesgo ergonómico, analizar la morbilidad y ausentismo laboral, y proponer medidas correctivas para mejorar el ambiente laboral. La metodología empleada involucra técnicas como la revisión de registros médicos y laborales, con instrumentos como estadísticas descriptivas, tablas y gráficos. La población estudiada para los años 2021, 2022 y 2023 incluye estibadores de muelle y carga en dos grupos etarios: entre 18 y 45 años, y más de 45 años. Los resultados destacan la exposición significativa de los estibadores a riesgos ergonómicos, con una mayor incidencia en trastornos musculoesqueléticos. Se observa una relación directa entre estos trastornos y el ausentismo laboral. Se propone un conjunto de medidas correctivas, abordando aspectos técnicos y organizativos, como el rediseño de tareas y la implementación de tecnologías avanzadas. En conclusión, el análisis detallado y la propuesta de medidas correctivas buscan mejorar las condiciones laborales de los estibadores, mitigando riesgos y promoviendo un entorno más seguro y saludable.
The present research study has aims to assess the ergonomic risk factors related to manual load handling among Estibesa's stevedores. The study covers the years 2021 to 2023, considering a sample of 117 for 2021, 92 for 2022, and 90 for 2023, with two age groups: 18-45 years and over 45 years. The methodology involves the review of medical and labor records, employing descriptive statistics, tables, and graphs. The population is divided into two categories based on age and job tasks, allowing a detailed analysis of ergonomic risks and their impact on health. Results indicate a significant correlation between ergonomic factors, musculoskeletal disorders, and absenteeism. The younger age group exhibits distinct patterns compared to the older group. Proposed corrective measures involve technical and organizational approaches, including task rotation, rest programs, and periodic risk assessments. In conclusion, the comprehensive evaluation of ergonomic risks and their effects on the health of Estibesa's stevedores underscores the necessity for targeted interventions. The study provides valuable insights to enhance workplace safety, reduce absenteeism, and improve the overall well-being of workers, aligning with the broader goal of promoting a healthy organizational culture.
The present research study has aims to assess the ergonomic risk factors related to manual load handling among Estibesa's stevedores. The study covers the years 2021 to 2023, considering a sample of 117 for 2021, 92 for 2022, and 90 for 2023, with two age groups: 18-45 years and over 45 years. The methodology involves the review of medical and labor records, employing descriptive statistics, tables, and graphs. The population is divided into two categories based on age and job tasks, allowing a detailed analysis of ergonomic risks and their impact on health. Results indicate a significant correlation between ergonomic factors, musculoskeletal disorders, and absenteeism. The younger age group exhibits distinct patterns compared to the older group. Proposed corrective measures involve technical and organizational approaches, including task rotation, rest programs, and periodic risk assessments. In conclusion, the comprehensive evaluation of ergonomic risks and their effects on the health of Estibesa's stevedores underscores the necessity for targeted interventions. The study provides valuable insights to enhance workplace safety, reduce absenteeism, and improve the overall well-being of workers, aligning with the broader goal of promoting a healthy organizational culture.
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Palabras clave
ERGONOMÍA, ESTIBADORES, RIESGOS LABORALES