Inmunoterapia para pacientes alérgicos a ácaros dermatophatophagoides pteronyssinus en la Unidad de Alergología del Hospital del IESS
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La alergia respiratoria es una reacción hipersensible del sistema inmunitario del paciente, que
identifica como nociva determinadas sustancias; el presente estudio de caso tiene como objeto
proponer inmunoterapia a pacientes con alto grado de sensibilidad a ácaros Der p1.
Actualmente las complicaciones de alergia van en aumento por la presencia de estos
microorganismos, que se encuentran en almohadas y colchones, debido a que su fuente
principal de alimentación son las células muertas que desprendemos en el recambio celular, el
problema principal radica en que estos microorganismos, los ácaros tienen en su deposición
proteínas alergizantes que son las causantes de las enfermedades alérgicas posteriores. En
este estudio, se analizó las categorías sociales, biológicas, microbiológicas y financieras; así
como dimensiones, instrumentos y unidades de análisis. Se lo realizó en pacientes de la
Unidad de Alergología, a los cuales bajo consentimiento informado, se les aplicó una prueba
cutánea por punción y se consideraron positivos los que presentaron un habón de más de 3 mm
de diámetro, posteriormente se los podría someter a inmunoterapia específica que es la
propuesta. Podemos concluir que la propuesta de inmunoterapia se aplicaría a los pacientes
con grado de sensibilidad a ácaros Der p1.
Finalmente se encontró que de los 100 pacientes que constituían la muestra, 89 resultaron
positivos siendo el grupo etario de 31 a 36 años el más vulnerable.
Respiratory allergy is a hypersensitive reaction of the immune system of the patient, identified as harmful certain substances; this case study aims to propose immunotherapy to patients with high sensitivity to mites Der p1. Currently the complications of allergy are increasing by the presence of these microorganisms found in pillows and mattresses, because their main food source are dead cells that let go in cell turnover, the main problem in these organisms , mites have in their deposition allergenic proteins that are responsible for subsequent allergic diseases. In this study, social, biological, microbiological and financial categories analyzed; as well as dimensions, instruments and units of analysis. It was made in patients Allergology Unit, to which under informed consent, were given a skin prick test and were considered positive who submitted habón more than 3 mm in diameter, later the could subject immunotherapy which is the specific proposal. We can conclude that the proposal would apply immunotherapy to patients with degree of sensitivity to Der p1 mites. Finally it was found that of the 100 patients who constituted the sample, 89 were positive being the age group 31-36 years the most vulnerable.
Respiratory allergy is a hypersensitive reaction of the immune system of the patient, identified as harmful certain substances; this case study aims to propose immunotherapy to patients with high sensitivity to mites Der p1. Currently the complications of allergy are increasing by the presence of these microorganisms found in pillows and mattresses, because their main food source are dead cells that let go in cell turnover, the main problem in these organisms , mites have in their deposition allergenic proteins that are responsible for subsequent allergic diseases. In this study, social, biological, microbiological and financial categories analyzed; as well as dimensions, instruments and units of analysis. It was made in patients Allergology Unit, to which under informed consent, were given a skin prick test and were considered positive who submitted habón more than 3 mm in diameter, later the could subject immunotherapy which is the specific proposal. We can conclude that the proposal would apply immunotherapy to patients with degree of sensitivity to Der p1 mites. Finally it was found that of the 100 patients who constituted the sample, 89 were positive being the age group 31-36 years the most vulnerable.
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ALERGIA E INMUNOLOGIA, DERMATOPHAGOIDES PTERONYSSINUS, INMUNOTERAPIA, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR