Factores de riesgo predisponentes para pterigión
Fecha
2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
El pterigión es una enfermedad ocular inflamatoria crónica de alto índice a
nivel mundial y nacional, que sin atención oportuna y adecuada puede llegar a afectar
considerablemente la visión. El objetivo de este estudio es caracterizar los factores de riesgo
predisponentes para pterigión en pacientes atendidos en la Provincia de Santa Elena, para lo
cual, se realizó un estudio no experimental, transversal, correlacional a la población de
pacientes atendidos en el CAE José Martí con diagnóstico de pterigión, durante los meses de
junio - agosto del 2016, con una muestra, después de aplicados los criterios de inclusión y
exclusión de 144 pacientes, donde se obtuvo como resultado que el sexo predominante es
femenino con 64%; grupo etario, más afectado comprende entre 20 y 49 años con 55%; en
ocupación las amas de casas con 47%; por clasificación, el pterigión primario predomina con
el 91%; por lateralidad, se presentó con un 53% en el ojo izquierdo; la comorbilidad en
pacientes con enfermedades como DMNID con 30% e HTA con 32%,guardan relación con la
presencia de pterigión. Lo que nos lleva a la conclusión de que existe una correlación entre
pterigión grupo etario con un valor p de 0.00, y pterigión - comorbilidad con un valor p de
0.038. Al igual que la correlación grupo etario – ocupación que nos da un valor p de 0.00. Por
lo tanto concluimos que en los pacientes atendidos se comprueba que la edad, sexo,
ocupación y comorbilidad son factores predisponentes para adquirir la enfermedad.
Pterygium is a chronic inflammatory ocular disease of high national and world index incidence that without opportune and adequate treatment could affect considerably the vision. The objective of this study is to characterize the risk factors that predispose to pterygium in patients serviced in the province of Santa Elena, for which a not experimental, cross, correlational study of the population of patients attended in the CAE Jose Marti with diagnosis of pterygium, during the months of June – August 2016, with a sample after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria of 144 patients, where we obtained these results: predominant gender was female with 64% of the subjects; most affected age group was the one between 20 to 49 years old with 56% of the observations; regarding occupation, 47% where housewives, by classification, primary pterygium predominates with 91% of the cases; by body site, it presented 53% of the time in the left eye; the comorbidity in patients with diseases like non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was 30% and hypertension was 32%, kept correlation with pterygium. It leads us to the conclusion that there is a correlation between pterygium and age group with p value of 0.00. pterygium-comorbidities with p value of 0.038. As well as correlation age group-occupation with p value of 0.00. Hence we concluded that in the patients treated it is proven that age, gender, occupation and comorbidities are predisposing risk factors to acquire the disease.
Pterygium is a chronic inflammatory ocular disease of high national and world index incidence that without opportune and adequate treatment could affect considerably the vision. The objective of this study is to characterize the risk factors that predispose to pterygium in patients serviced in the province of Santa Elena, for which a not experimental, cross, correlational study of the population of patients attended in the CAE Jose Marti with diagnosis of pterygium, during the months of June – August 2016, with a sample after applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria of 144 patients, where we obtained these results: predominant gender was female with 64% of the subjects; most affected age group was the one between 20 to 49 years old with 56% of the observations; regarding occupation, 47% where housewives, by classification, primary pterygium predominates with 91% of the cases; by body site, it presented 53% of the time in the left eye; the comorbidity in patients with diseases like non-insulin dependent diabetes mellitus was 30% and hypertension was 32%, kept correlation with pterygium. It leads us to the conclusion that there is a correlation between pterygium and age group with p value of 0.00. pterygium-comorbidities with p value of 0.038. As well as correlation age group-occupation with p value of 0.00. Hence we concluded that in the patients treated it is proven that age, gender, occupation and comorbidities are predisposing risk factors to acquire the disease.
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PTERIGION, ENFERMEDADES DEL OJO, COMORBILIDAD, FACTORES DE RIESGO, CENTRO AMBULATORIO DE ESPECIALIDADES JOSE MARTI, CANTON SANTA ELENA, ECUADOR, CAUSALIDAD