Resultados anatomofuncionales en corrección quirúrgica de neonatos con atresia intestinal
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: Las obstrucciones del intestino neonatal comprenden un amplio espectro de lesiones, que difieren en relación a su localización y por ende en su manejo clínico quirúrgico. Las obstrucciones duodenales son la causa más frecuente de obstrucción intestinal su frecuencia varía según las diferentes publicaciones entre 1 de cada 5.000 a 10.000 recién nacidos vivos, con predilección al sexo masculino. Objetivo Evaluar la seguridad en el tratamiento en pacientes con atresia intestinal, su adaptación postquirúrgica, así como sus implicaciones pronosticas. Metodología: Sera correlacional,retrospectivo, no experimental de corte transversal, se tomó como universo y muestra a todos los pacientes con atresia intestinal con resolución quirúrgica definitiva entre enero del 2017 a diciembre del 2021 Resultados: De los pacientes estudiados en el periodo y plazos establecidos, se obtienen 38 casos, 18 de sexo masculino y 20 de sexo femenino, con distribución en los diferentes tipos de atresia, siendo 36.8 % para atresia duodenal, 34.2 % para atresia yeyunal, 26,3 % para atresia ileal, y 2.6 % para atresia de colon, representada por un caso, la mortalidad se sitúa en 13, 1 %. Posterior al alta médica, la desnutrición proteico calórica y el estreñimiento funcional, son los principales diagnósticos de controles subsecuentes. Palabras clave: atresia intestinal, anastomosis intestinal, atresia duodenal, resultados anatomofuncionales, desnutrición, estreñimiento, encopresis.
Background: Neonatal intestinal obstructions comprise a wide spectrum of lesions, which differ in relation to their location and therefore in their clinical-surgical management. Duodenal obstructions are the most frequent cause of intestinal obstruction, their frequency varies according to the different publications between 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 live newborns, with a predilection for the male sex. Objective To assess the safety of treatment in patients with intestinal atresia, its post-surgical adaptation, as well as its prognostic implications. Methodology: It will be retrospective, correlational and no experimental, it was taken as a universe and shows all patients with intestinal atresia with definitive surgical resolution between january 2017 and december 2021. Results: Of the patients studied in the period and deadlines established, 38 cases are obtained, 18 male and 20 female, with distribution in the different types of atresia, being 36.8% for duodenal atresia, 34.2% for jejunal atresia, 26.3% for ileal atresia, and 2.6% for colonic atresia, represented by one case, mortality is 13.1%. After discharge, protein-calorie malnutrition and functional constipation are the main diagnoses for subsequent controls. Keywords: intestinal atresia, intestinal anastomosis, duodenal atresia, anatomical-functional results, malnutrition, constipation, encopresis.
Background: Neonatal intestinal obstructions comprise a wide spectrum of lesions, which differ in relation to their location and therefore in their clinical-surgical management. Duodenal obstructions are the most frequent cause of intestinal obstruction, their frequency varies according to the different publications between 1 in 5,000 to 10,000 live newborns, with a predilection for the male sex. Objective To assess the safety of treatment in patients with intestinal atresia, its post-surgical adaptation, as well as its prognostic implications. Methodology: It will be retrospective, correlational and no experimental, it was taken as a universe and shows all patients with intestinal atresia with definitive surgical resolution between january 2017 and december 2021. Results: Of the patients studied in the period and deadlines established, 38 cases are obtained, 18 male and 20 female, with distribution in the different types of atresia, being 36.8% for duodenal atresia, 34.2% for jejunal atresia, 26.3% for ileal atresia, and 2.6% for colonic atresia, represented by one case, mortality is 13.1%. After discharge, protein-calorie malnutrition and functional constipation are the main diagnoses for subsequent controls. Keywords: intestinal atresia, intestinal anastomosis, duodenal atresia, anatomical-functional results, malnutrition, constipation, encopresis.
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ATRESIA INTESTINAL, DESNUTRICIÓN ENERGETICA, PEDIATRIA, HOSPITAL DEL NIÑO FRANCISCO DE ICAZA BUSTAMANTE, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, RECIEN NACIDO, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS