Relación entre consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y el estado nutricional de escolares
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2023
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
El consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados (AUP) ha mostrado una tendencia
creciente en los últimos años, tanto en adultos como en la población infantil. El
objetivo de este estudio fue determinar la relación entre consumo de AUP y el
estado nutricional en escolares de la Unidad Educativa Fiscal ¨Eloísa Isabel
Neira Torres¨ de la ciudad de Guayaquil. La investigación tuvo un enfoque
cuantitativo y un diseño transversal. El consumo de AUP se valoró a través de
una encuesta en línea y el estado nutricional por medio del indicador IMC/Edad.
La población estuvo conformada por 38 escolares de 9,6 (7,08 – 10,45) años,
de los cuales, el 63,2% (n=24) fueron de sexo masculino y se encontraban
cursando entre primero y séptimo año de educación general básica. Del total de
la muestra, el 55,3% fueron eutróficos mientras que el 15,8% presentaron riesgo
de sobrepeso. La ingesta calórica promedio fue de 1785 kcal, de la cual, los
AUP representaron el 25%. Se encontró una relación significativa (p= 0,036)
entre el consumo de bebidas gaseosas y el estado nutricional. El consumo de
AUP, particularmente bebidas gaseosas, se relaciona con el estado nutricional
en la muestra estudiada.
Palabras clave: Alimentos ultraprocesados (AUP), Estado nutricional,
Escolares, Alimentación, Sobrepeso, Obesidad.
The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has shown a growing trend in recent years, both in adults and in the child population. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between UPA consumption and nutritional status in schoolchildren from the "Eloísa Isabel Neira Torres" Fiscal Educational Unit in the city of Guayaquil. The research had a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design. UPF consumption was assessed through an online survey and nutritional status through the BMI/Age indicator. The school population consisted of 38 of 9.6 (7.08 - 10.45) years old, of which 63.2% (n=24) were male and were studying between the first and seventh year of basic general education. Of the total sample, 55.3% were eutrophic while 15.8% presented risk of being overweight. The average caloric intake was 1785 kcal, of which UPF represented 25%. A significant relationship (p= 0.036) was found between the consumption of soft drinks and nutritional status. The consumption of UPF, particularly soft drinks, is related to the nutritional status in the sample studied. Keywords: Ultraprocessed foods (UPA), Nutritional status, Schoolchildren, Food, Overweight.
The consumption of ultra-processed foods (UPF) has shown a growing trend in recent years, both in adults and in the child population. The objective of this study was to determine the relationship between UPA consumption and nutritional status in schoolchildren from the "Eloísa Isabel Neira Torres" Fiscal Educational Unit in the city of Guayaquil. The research had a quantitative approach and a cross-sectional design. UPF consumption was assessed through an online survey and nutritional status through the BMI/Age indicator. The school population consisted of 38 of 9.6 (7.08 - 10.45) years old, of which 63.2% (n=24) were male and were studying between the first and seventh year of basic general education. Of the total sample, 55.3% were eutrophic while 15.8% presented risk of being overweight. The average caloric intake was 1785 kcal, of which UPF represented 25%. A significant relationship (p= 0.036) was found between the consumption of soft drinks and nutritional status. The consumption of UPF, particularly soft drinks, is related to the nutritional status in the sample studied. Keywords: Ultraprocessed foods (UPA), Nutritional status, Schoolchildren, Food, Overweight.
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ALIMENTOS ULTRAPROCESADOS, ESTADO NUTRICIONAL, ESCOLARES, ALIMENTACION, UNIDAD EDUCATIVA FISCAL ELOISA ISABEL NEIRA TORRES, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR