Eficacia y seguridad entre mascarilla laringea y el tubo endotraqueal para anestesia general en cirugía electiva Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2016 - 2017
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2017
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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Antecedentes: La mascarilla laríngea se considera un dispositivo seguro para el manejo de las vías respiratorias en anestesia, sin embargo, existen algunas posiciones controversiales respecto de su utilidad. Objetivo: Determinar la eficacia y seguridad entre mascarilla laríngea y el tubo endotraqueal para el manejo de la vía aérea en pacientes sometidos a anestesia general por cirugía electiva del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo 2016 – 2017. Metodología: Se realizó un estudio observacional, prospectivo, analítico, transversal, no experimental en el que se incluyó 54 pacientes sometidos a anestesia general en cirugía electiva en los quirófanos del Hospital Teodoro Maldonado Carbo; mayores de 18 años, con ASA I - II; 26 con vía aérea manejada con mascarilla laríngea I-gel y 28 con tubo endotraqueal. En la comparación de variables categóricas se empleó Chi-cuadrado de Pearson y la prueba T para la comparación de medias. Se consideró significativos valores de P < 0.05. La información se procesó con el programa estadístico SPSS Statistics 22. Resultados: La valores de la FC, PAS y PAD aumentaron significativamente entre los pacientes indicados con tubo endotraqueal para anestesia en cirugía general en relación a la mascarilla laríngea I-gel (P < 0.05). No se evidenciaron diferencias en relación a la EtCO2, SPO2 (P > 0.05) Conclusiones: La mascarilla laríngea I-gel ofrece ventajas sobe el uso del tubo endotraqueal en anestesia para cirugía general ya que provoca menos manifestaciones clínicas postanestésica, logrando una mejor satisfacción del paciente.
BACKGROUND: The laryngeal mask is considered a safe device for the management of airways in anesthesia, however, there are some controversial positions regarding its usefulness. Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety between laryngeal mask and endotracheal tube for airway management in patients submitted to general anesthesia by elective surgery at Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital 2016 - 2017. Methodology: An observational, prospective, analytical study, Non-experimental, in which 54 patients undergoing general anesthesia were included in elective surgery in the operating rooms of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital; Over 18 years, with ASA I - II; 26 with airway operated with laryngeal mask I-gel and 28 with endotracheal tube. In the comparison of categorical variables, Chi-square of Pearson and the T-test for the comparison of means were used. Values of P< 0.05 were considered significant. The data were processed using the statistical program SPSS Statistics 22. Results: HR, SBP and DBP values were significantly increased among patients indicated with endotracheal tube for anesthesia in general surgery in relation to the laryngeal mask I-gel (P <0.05). There were no differences in relation to EtCO2, SPO2 (P> 0.05). Conclusions: The I-gel laryngeal mask offers advantages over the use of the endotracheal tube in anesthesia for general surgery since it causes fewer postanesthetic clinical manifestations, achieving a better satisfaction of the patient.
BACKGROUND: The laryngeal mask is considered a safe device for the management of airways in anesthesia, however, there are some controversial positions regarding its usefulness. Objective: To determine the efficacy and safety between laryngeal mask and endotracheal tube for airway management in patients submitted to general anesthesia by elective surgery at Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital 2016 - 2017. Methodology: An observational, prospective, analytical study, Non-experimental, in which 54 patients undergoing general anesthesia were included in elective surgery in the operating rooms of the Teodoro Maldonado Carbo Hospital; Over 18 years, with ASA I - II; 26 with airway operated with laryngeal mask I-gel and 28 with endotracheal tube. In the comparison of categorical variables, Chi-square of Pearson and the T-test for the comparison of means were used. Values of P< 0.05 were considered significant. The data were processed using the statistical program SPSS Statistics 22. Results: HR, SBP and DBP values were significantly increased among patients indicated with endotracheal tube for anesthesia in general surgery in relation to the laryngeal mask I-gel (P <0.05). There were no differences in relation to EtCO2, SPO2 (P> 0.05). Conclusions: The I-gel laryngeal mask offers advantages over the use of the endotracheal tube in anesthesia for general surgery since it causes fewer postanesthetic clinical manifestations, achieving a better satisfaction of the patient.
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Anestesia general, Mascarilla laringea, Tubo endotraqueal, Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Manejo de la vía aerea