Riesgo suicida en adolescentes ingresados en Hospital Psiquiátrico del INC. abril 2014 - abril 2015 y guia de manejo clínico
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2015
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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La adolescencia, como etapa de la vida, se caracteriza por ser un período de baja morbilidad y mortalidad. Aun así, las principales causas de muerte en este grupo etario se relacionan con las enfermedades oncológicas y la muerte por causas violentas: los homicidios y el suicidio. En el Ecuador según las cifras del Instituto Nacional de Estadísticas y Censos (INEC), revelan que en el 2010, un total de 658 personas se quitaron la vida a nivel nacional, mientras que en el 2011 hubo 913 suicidas, convirtiendo a este problema en una de las primeras 15 causas de muerte, resaltando que en al menos 19 provincias ecuatorianas el suicidio es la primera o segunda causa de muerte entre jóvenes de entre 10 y 19 años. La OMS estima que para el año 2020, basándose en la tendencia actual aproximadamente 1,53 millones de personas morirán de suicidio en ese año. La importancia radicó en que los comportamientos suicidas en adolescentes es una situación de extrema gravedad que requiere la toma de medidas urgentes. El trabajo de investigación se centró en el estudio del riesgo suicida en los adolescentes hombres y mujeres ingresados en el área de Hospital Psiquiátrico del INC durante el periodo abril 2014 – abril 2015, que fueron un total de 77 adolescentes ingresados con un rango de edad de 12 a 17 años 11 meses, de los cuales se identificó a 37 pacientes que presentaron riesgo suicida, mientras que los restantes acudieron por otras causas; para la recolección de datos se aplicó las dos herramientas básicas para la evaluación del riesgo suicida que es la historia clínica y los test psicométricos. Con estos resultados dio la oportunidad a la elaboración de una guía de manejo clínico inicial para el área de emergencia de este hospital con el fin de dar una atención efectiva y eficiente a los pacientes que se acudan con este problema, dicho estudio se caracterizó por ser de tipo observacional, transversal, descriptivo, explicativo, retrospectivo.
Adolescence as a stage of life, is characterized as a period of low morbidity and mortality. Still, the main causes of death in this age group are related to oncological diseases and death from violent causes: homicide and suicide. In Ecuador, according to figures from the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) show that in 2010, a total of 658 lives nationwide, were removed while in 2011 there were 913 suicides, making this problem one of the top 15 causes of death, noting that at least 19 Ecuadorian provinces suicide is the first or second cause of death among young people between 10 and 19 years. The WHO estimates that by 2020, based on current trends about 1.53 million people die from suicide in that year. The importance lies in that suicidal behavior in adolescents is an extremely serious situation which requires taking urgent measures. The research focused on the study of suicide risk in adolescent men and women admitted to the Psychiatric Hospital area INC during the period April 2014 - April 2015, which were a total of 77 adolescents admitted with an age range 12-17 years 11 months, of which 37 patients who had suicidal risk was identified, while the remaining came from other causes; data collection for the two basic tools for assessment of suicide risk are the medical history and psychometric tests applied. These results provided the opportunity for the development of an initial clinical management guide for the emergency area of the hospital in order to provide an effective and efficient patient care that will come with this problem, this study was characterized as observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, explanatory, retrospective
Adolescence as a stage of life, is characterized as a period of low morbidity and mortality. Still, the main causes of death in this age group are related to oncological diseases and death from violent causes: homicide and suicide. In Ecuador, according to figures from the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) show that in 2010, a total of 658 lives nationwide, were removed while in 2011 there were 913 suicides, making this problem one of the top 15 causes of death, noting that at least 19 Ecuadorian provinces suicide is the first or second cause of death among young people between 10 and 19 years. The WHO estimates that by 2020, based on current trends about 1.53 million people die from suicide in that year. The importance lies in that suicidal behavior in adolescents is an extremely serious situation which requires taking urgent measures. The research focused on the study of suicide risk in adolescent men and women admitted to the Psychiatric Hospital area INC during the period April 2014 - April 2015, which were a total of 77 adolescents admitted with an age range 12-17 years 11 months, of which 37 patients who had suicidal risk was identified, while the remaining came from other causes; data collection for the two basic tools for assessment of suicide risk are the medical history and psychometric tests applied. These results provided the opportunity for the development of an initial clinical management guide for the emergency area of the hospital in order to provide an effective and efficient patient care that will come with this problem, this study was characterized as observational, cross-sectional, descriptive, explanatory, retrospective
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Adolescente, Factores de riesgo, Indicadores de morbimortalidad, Instituto de Neurociencias, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Conducta suicida