Complicaciones obstétricas durante el trabajo de parto prematuro en adolescentes, estrategia de prevención
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
Determinar las complicaciones obstétricas durante el trabajo de parto prematuro en
adolescentes de 13 a 18 años del Centro Materno Infantil “Alfonso Oramas González”
del Cantón Durán, 2015, mediante un estudio con enfoque cuantitativo, de tipo
observacional, descriptivo de corte retrospectivo, que tuvo una muestra de 35 gestantes
con trabajo de parto prematuro. Se realizó un estudio cuantitativo, observacional,
descriptivo de corte transversal. Se obtuvieron los siguientes resultados las
complicaciones obstétricas durante el trabajo de parto prematuro en adolescentes de 13
a 18 años fueron atonía uterina (68,6%), retención de fragmentos placentarios (29%),
desgarros perineales (34,3%), distocia de hombro y prolapso de cordón umbilical con un
8,6% respectivamente. La edad gestacional en que ocurren las complicaciones fue en la
34 – 36 semanas, el período intergenésico corto fue de menos de dos años con el 71%.
El Apgar y el bajo peso al nacer son dos indicadores resultantes de las complicaciones
obstétricas del trabajo de parto prematuro. El déficit de control prenatal y el periodo de
intervalo intergenésico corto (menos de 2 años) son dos factores de riesgo que pueden
conllevar a presentar trabajo de parto prematuro.
To determine obstetric complications during preterm labor in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years of the "Alfonso Oramas González" Maternal and Child Health Center in Canton Durán, 2015, through a quantitative, observational, descriptive retrospective study. A sample of 35 pregnant women with preterm labor. A quantitative, observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. The following results were obtained: obstetric complications during preterm labor in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years were uterine atony (68.6%), retained placental fragments (29%), perineal tears (34.3%), dystocia Of shoulder and umbilical cord prolapse with 8.6% respectively. The gestational age at which complications occurred was in 34-36 weeks, the short intergenic period was less than two years with 71%. Apgar and low birth weight are two indicators that result from obstetric complications of preterm labor. The prenatal control deficit and the short intergenic interval (less than 2 years) are two risk factors that can lead to preterm labor.
To determine obstetric complications during preterm labor in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years of the "Alfonso Oramas González" Maternal and Child Health Center in Canton Durán, 2015, through a quantitative, observational, descriptive retrospective study. A sample of 35 pregnant women with preterm labor. A quantitative, observational, descriptive cross-sectional study was performed. The following results were obtained: obstetric complications during preterm labor in adolescents aged 13 to 18 years were uterine atony (68.6%), retained placental fragments (29%), perineal tears (34.3%), dystocia Of shoulder and umbilical cord prolapse with 8.6% respectively. The gestational age at which complications occurred was in 34-36 weeks, the short intergenic period was less than two years with 71%. Apgar and low birth weight are two indicators that result from obstetric complications of preterm labor. The prenatal control deficit and the short intergenic interval (less than 2 years) are two risk factors that can lead to preterm labor.
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Complicaciones obstétricas, Trabajo de parto, Parto prematuro, Medicina preventiva, Epidemiología descriptiva, Estudios retrospectivos, Centro de Salud Materno Infantil Alfonso Oramas González, Cantón Durán, Ecuador