Correlación ecográfica, histeroscópica e histopatologíca del cancer de endometrio en pacientes postmenopausicas
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2019
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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El cáncer de endometrio es una patología observada comúnmente en mujeres posmenopáusicas con sangrado transvaginal, el diagnóstico definitivo se lo realiza por histopatología sin embargo con el advenimiento de nuevas tecnologías la histeroscopía y ecografía transvaginal son consideradas herramientas de primera línea para el tamizaje de este tipo de pacientes, la histeroscopía tiene la particularidad de permitir la realización de biopsia dirigida contribuyendo a disminuir el margen de error. La presente investigación fue desarrollada en el hospital de la mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, cuyo objeto de investigación fue conocer el grado de correlación existente entre la ecografía e histeroscopía en el diagnóstico de cáncer de endometrio, para lo cual se desarrolló un estudio de tipo: Analítico, correlacional, retrospectivo de corte transversal, como prueba estadística se utilizó Chi cuadrado de correlación dando un p valor de .0032 para histeroscopía y .741 para ecografía lo que significa la histeroscopía es superior para diagnóstico de cáncer endometrial en función de los hallazgos observados la población de estudio presentó una media de 63 años y los principales factores de riesgo fueron: Menopausia tardía (43.8 %), menarca temprana (20.3 %) y terapia hormonal sustitutiva (15.6 %), la sensibilidad observada por ecografía fue de un 22 % frente a un 91.1 % obtenida por histeroscopía, las patologías observadas fueron hiperplasia endometrial 51.6 % y pólipo endometrial con un 34.6 % que explican el 92.2 % de adenocarcinoma endometroide observados
Endometrial cancer is a pathology commonly observed in postmenopausal women with transvaginal bleeding, the definitive diagnosis is made by histopathology however with the advent of new technologies hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasound are considered first line tools for screening this type of patients, hysteroscopy has the peculiarity of allowing the performance of targeted biopsy, helping to reduce the margin of error. The present investigation was developed in the hospital of the woman Alfredo G. Paulson, whose object of investigation was to know the degree of correlation between ultrasound and hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer, for which a study of type was developed: Analytical, correlational, cross-sectional retrospective, as a statistical test Chi square of correlation was used, giving a p value of .0032 for hysteroscopy and .741 for ultrasound, which means hysteroscopy is superior for endometrial cancer findings, in terms of population The mean age of the study was 63 years and the main risk factors were: Late menopause (43.8%), early menarche (20.3%) and hormone replacement therapy (15.6%), the sensitivity observed by ultrasound was 22% compared to a 91.1% obtained by hysteroscopy, the pathologies observed were endometrial hyperplasia 51.6% and endometrial polyp with 34.6% that exp lycan 92.2% of endometroid adenocarcinoma observed.
Endometrial cancer is a pathology commonly observed in postmenopausal women with transvaginal bleeding, the definitive diagnosis is made by histopathology however with the advent of new technologies hysteroscopy and transvaginal ultrasound are considered first line tools for screening this type of patients, hysteroscopy has the peculiarity of allowing the performance of targeted biopsy, helping to reduce the margin of error. The present investigation was developed in the hospital of the woman Alfredo G. Paulson, whose object of investigation was to know the degree of correlation between ultrasound and hysteroscopy in the diagnosis of endometrial cancer, for which a study of type was developed: Analytical, correlational, cross-sectional retrospective, as a statistical test Chi square of correlation was used, giving a p value of .0032 for hysteroscopy and .741 for ultrasound, which means hysteroscopy is superior for endometrial cancer findings, in terms of population The mean age of the study was 63 years and the main risk factors were: Late menopause (43.8%), early menarche (20.3%) and hormone replacement therapy (15.6%), the sensitivity observed by ultrasound was 22% compared to a 91.1% obtained by hysteroscopy, the pathologies observed were endometrial hyperplasia 51.6% and endometrial polyp with 34.6% that exp lycan 92.2% of endometroid adenocarcinoma observed.
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Neoplasias endometriales, Histeroscopía, Ecografía, Biopsia del endometrio, Factores de riesgo, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador