Producción de alfa amilasa por fermentación en estado sólido de residuos agroindustriales (cáscaras de banano) utilizando bacillus subtilis
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil, Facultad de Ingeniería Química
Resumen
La producción creciente de residuos ya es una problemática de interés mundial, el residuo es una materia que no simboliza una utilidad o un valor económico para el dueño, los residuos agroindustriales son una gran fuente de contaminación por lo que debe buscarse alternativas de uso y así obtener productos de interés, siendo la biotecnología una aplicación tecnológica que en nuestro país se encuentra en desarrollo; optando por uno de sus objetivos la modificación de productos dándole un valor agregado. Existen organismos microscópicos de uso industrial para distintos procesos en este grupo tenemos las Bacillus. En esta investigación se utilizó las cáscaras de banano como sustrato y cepas de Bacillus subtilis, para la producción de la enzima alfa amilasa realizándose una serie de estudios para determinar cuál sería la temperatura, el tiempo y el pH del medio óptimo para la producción de la enzima alfa amilasa, determinándose su actividad por el método del ácido 3, 5 dinitrosalicílico o DNS y la concentración de proteínas por el método de Lowry. Demostrándose que a una temperatura de incubación de 35°C, un tiempo de incubación de 24 horas y a un pH del medio de 7 se obtiene una actividad enzimática de 8,13 UE/ml, respectivamente, indicando que las cáscaras de banano resultaron ser un buen sustrato para realizar la fermentación en estado sólido en la producción de la enzima alfa amilasa.
The growing production of waste is already a problem of global interest, the waste is a matter that does not symbolize a utility or an economic value for the owner, the agroindustrial waste is a great source of contamination, so it must look for alternatives of use and thus obtain products of interest, being biotechnology a technological application that in our country is in development; opting for one of its objectives the modification of products giving it an added value. There are microscopic organisms for industrial use for different processes in this group we have the Bacillus. In this research, banana peels were used as a substrate and strains of Bacillus subtilis, for the production of the enzyme alpha amylase. A series of studies were carried out to determine the temperature, time and pH of the optimum medium for the production of the alpha amylase enzyme, its activity being determined by the 3, 5 dinitrosalicylic acid or DNS method and the concentration of proteins by the Lowry method. It is demonstrated that at an incubation temperature of 35 ° C, an incubation time of 24 hours and a pH of 7, an enzymatic activity of 8.13 EU / ml is obtained, respectively, indicating that the banana peels turned out to be a good substrate to carry out fermentation in the solid state in the production of the enzyme alpha amylase.
The growing production of waste is already a problem of global interest, the waste is a matter that does not symbolize a utility or an economic value for the owner, the agroindustrial waste is a great source of contamination, so it must look for alternatives of use and thus obtain products of interest, being biotechnology a technological application that in our country is in development; opting for one of its objectives the modification of products giving it an added value. There are microscopic organisms for industrial use for different processes in this group we have the Bacillus. In this research, banana peels were used as a substrate and strains of Bacillus subtilis, for the production of the enzyme alpha amylase. A series of studies were carried out to determine the temperature, time and pH of the optimum medium for the production of the alpha amylase enzyme, its activity being determined by the 3, 5 dinitrosalicylic acid or DNS method and the concentration of proteins by the Lowry method. It is demonstrated that at an incubation temperature of 35 ° C, an incubation time of 24 hours and a pH of 7, an enzymatic activity of 8.13 EU / ml is obtained, respectively, indicating that the banana peels turned out to be a good substrate to carry out fermentation in the solid state in the production of the enzyme alpha amylase.
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Alfa amilasa, Actividad enzimática, Cascara de Banano, Método del ácido 3,5 dinitrosalicílico o DNS, Residuos agroindustriales