Correlación audiologíca pre y postquirúrgica en pacientes con otitis media crónica simple
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2022
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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ANTECEDENTES: La otitis media crónica (OMC) se define como una inflamación del oído medio con signos de infección que duran tres meses o más. OBJETIVO: Fue describir la correlación audiológica, pre y post quirúrgica en pacientes con otitis media crónica simple. METODOLOGIA: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, de corte transversal durante el periodo enero 2015 a diciembre 2021. Donde se tomó como universo y muestra a todos los pacientes que acudieron a la consulta externa del Servicio de Otorrinolaringología con Otitis Media Crónica Simple, los mismos que se le realizó valoración mediante otomicroscopia, se solicitó exámenes audiológicos mediante audiometría prequirúrgica y audiometría posquirúrgica en los pacientes que se les realizó Timpanoplastía. Para este estudio se revisaron todos los datos clínicos registrados en el Sistema AS400 del Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo de la Ciudad de Guayaquil, los cuales fueron tabulados en una planilla de Excel y los resultados fueron analizados mediante una plataforma estadística SPSS. RESULTADOS: En esta investigación se obtuvieron como resultados que de los 57 pacientes que se les realizaron audiometría prequirúrgica el 14% de los pacientes presentaron audiometrías normales mientras que el 86% de los pacientes presentaron audiometrías alteradas con cierto grado de hipoacusia. De acuerdo con los pacientes intervenidos quirúrgicamente mediante Timpanoplastía se les realizó audiometría posquirúrgica y el 24.6% presentaron audiometría normal mientras que el 75.4% presentaron audiometrías alteradas. CONCLUSION: La Otitis media crónica es más frecuente en el Sexo femenino 61.4%, Rango de edad entre 46 – 60 años (42%), la perforación más frecuente fue la Holotimpánica 49% de los pacientes; en donde el paciente tiene más probabilidades de pérdida de la audición. En cuanto a la Audiometría prequirúrgica: Hipoacusia Moderada fue la más frecuente con un 42 % de pacientes. El resultado de la Audiometría Postquirúrgica: Hipoacusia Leve fue la más frecuente con un 38.6%. La Cirugía más frecuente realizada debido a la clasificación de Wullstein es la Timpanoplastía Tipo I: 83%
BACKGROUND: Chronic otitis media (COM) is defined as inflammation of the middle ear with signs of infection lasting three months or more. OBJECTIVE: It was to describe the audiological, pre and post-surgical correlation in patients with simple chronic otitis media. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out during the period January 2015 to December 2021. All the patients who attended the outpatient clinic of the Otorhinolaryngology Service with Simple Chronic Otitis Media were taken as the universe and sampled. Same as evaluation was performed by otomicroscopy, audiological tests were requested by pre-surgical audiometry and post-surgical audiometry in patients who underwent Tympanoplasty. For this study, all the clinical data registered in the AS400 System of the Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo of the City of Guayaquil were reviewed, which were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet and the results were analyzed using an SPSS statistical platform. RESULTS: In this investigation, the results obtained were that of the 57 patients who underwent pre-surgical audiometry, 14% of the patients presented normal audiometry while 86% of the patients presented altered audiometry with a certain degree of hearing loss. According to the patients who underwent surgery for Tympanoplasty, post-surgical audiometry was performed and 24.6% presented normal audiometry while 75.4% presented altered audiometry. CONCLUSION: Chronic otitis media is more frequent in females 61.4%, age range between 46 - 60 years (42%), the most frequent perforation was the Holotympanic 49% of patients; where the patient is more likely to have hearing loss. Regarding pre-surgical audiometry: Moderate hearing loss was the most frequent with 42% of patients. The result of the Postoperative Audiometry: Mild Hearing Loss was the most frequent with 38.6%. The most frequent surgery performed due to the Wullstein classification is Type I Tympanoplasty: 83%
BACKGROUND: Chronic otitis media (COM) is defined as inflammation of the middle ear with signs of infection lasting three months or more. OBJECTIVE: It was to describe the audiological, pre and post-surgical correlation in patients with simple chronic otitis media. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive, retrospective, cross-sectional study was carried out during the period January 2015 to December 2021. All the patients who attended the outpatient clinic of the Otorhinolaryngology Service with Simple Chronic Otitis Media were taken as the universe and sampled. Same as evaluation was performed by otomicroscopy, audiological tests were requested by pre-surgical audiometry and post-surgical audiometry in patients who underwent Tympanoplasty. For this study, all the clinical data registered in the AS400 System of the Hospital de Especialidades Dr. Teodoro Maldonado Carbo of the City of Guayaquil were reviewed, which were tabulated in an Excel spreadsheet and the results were analyzed using an SPSS statistical platform. RESULTS: In this investigation, the results obtained were that of the 57 patients who underwent pre-surgical audiometry, 14% of the patients presented normal audiometry while 86% of the patients presented altered audiometry with a certain degree of hearing loss. According to the patients who underwent surgery for Tympanoplasty, post-surgical audiometry was performed and 24.6% presented normal audiometry while 75.4% presented altered audiometry. CONCLUSION: Chronic otitis media is more frequent in females 61.4%, age range between 46 - 60 years (42%), the most frequent perforation was the Holotympanic 49% of patients; where the patient is more likely to have hearing loss. Regarding pre-surgical audiometry: Moderate hearing loss was the most frequent with 42% of patients. The result of the Postoperative Audiometry: Mild Hearing Loss was the most frequent with 38.6%. The most frequent surgery performed due to the Wullstein classification is Type I Tympanoplasty: 83%
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OTITIS, ESTUDIO DESCRIPTIVOS, AUDIMETRIA, TIMPANOPLASTIA, HOSPITAL DE ESPECIALIDADES DR. TEODORO MALDONADO CARBO, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR