Implementar técnicas nutricionales para adultos mayores desnutridos, estudio que se realizó en el Asilo Sofía Ratinoff de Solimano en el período septiembre a febrero 2013 - 2014
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2014
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Carrera de Tecnología Médica
Resumen
La desnutrición no intencional o involuntaria del adulto mayor, contribuye a un decline progresivo en salud, afectando su estado funcional y cognitivo. La propuesta de la investigación es implantar guías alimentarias y proporcionar al personal y servicio de alimentación del asilo la formación necesaria para detectar pacientes en riesgo de desnutrición, implementar métodos de evaluación de desnutrición, sugiriendo protocolos de Tratamiento Nutricional, teniendo como objetivo general: Implementar Técnicas nutricionales para adultos mayores desnutridos. En cuanto a los objetivos específicos tenemos establecer técnicas y métodos adecuados para el adulto mayor, identificar las causas de desnutrición de los adultos mayores mediante los datos obtenidos, clasificar tipo de desnutrición e identificar la situación alimentaria y de salud de los adultos mayores, contribuir con charlas al personal de cuidado del adulto mayor para la toma de datos antropométricos y sugerir planes alimentarios adecuados para el adulto mayor. El método a utilizar fue el descriptivo de tipo de Bibliográfico documental, ya que garantiza la calidad de los fundamentos teóricos de la investigación, y de tipo Electrónico ya que se pudo conocer conceptos más actualizados para la correcta investigación del trabajo. El trabajo se realizó con pacientes mayores de 55 años del Asilo Sofía Ratinoff de Solimano en la Ciudad de Guayaquil. Se utilizaron plicómetros y cintas métricas. La antropometría fue tomada mediante circunferencia braquial, pliegue cutáneo tricipital, Talón-Rodilla, Circunferencia de la pantorrilla y Hemienvergadura. En los resultados podemos observar la mayor facilidad de toma de datos antropométricos del personal del asilo, como también en un 80% la detección de problemas nutricionales no antes visto por la falta de Nutricionista. Llegando a la conclusión de que la capacitación contínua y la actualización de datos antropométricos en el lugar, aumenta la calidad de vida de los pacientes en un 90% dejando datos necesarios para futuras investigaciones
Unintentional or involuntary malnutrition in the elderly contributes to a progressive decline in health, affecting their functional and cognitive status. The research proposal is to implement food guides and provide the staff and asylum feeding service with the necessary training to detect patients at risk of malnutrition, implement malnutrition assessment methods, suggesting Nutritional Treatment protocols, with the general objective of: Implementing Techniques nutritional supplements for malnourished elderly. Regarding the specific objectives, we have to establish adequate techniques and methods for the elderly, identify the causes of malnutrition among the elderly through the data obtained, classify type of malnutrition and identify the food and health situation of the elderly, contribute to talks to the care staff of the elderly adult for the collection of anthropometric data and suggest adequate food plans for the elderly. The method to be used was the descriptive type of documentary Bibliographic, since it guarantees the quality of the theoretical foundations of the research, and of Electronic type since it was possible to know more updated concepts for the correct investigation of the work. The work was carried out with patients older than 55 years of the Sofia Ratinoff Asylum of Solimano in the City of Guayaquil. Plicometers and tape measures were used. The anthropometry was taken by brachial circumference, triceps skin fold, Knee-Heel, Calf Circumference and Hemienvergadura. In the results we can observe the greater ease of taking anthropometric data of the staff of the asylum, as well as in 80% the detection of nutritional problems not seen before by the lack of Nutritionist. Concluding that continuous training and updating of anthropometric data in place, increases the quality of life of patients by 90% leaving data necessary for future research
Unintentional or involuntary malnutrition in the elderly contributes to a progressive decline in health, affecting their functional and cognitive status. The research proposal is to implement food guides and provide the staff and asylum feeding service with the necessary training to detect patients at risk of malnutrition, implement malnutrition assessment methods, suggesting Nutritional Treatment protocols, with the general objective of: Implementing Techniques nutritional supplements for malnourished elderly. Regarding the specific objectives, we have to establish adequate techniques and methods for the elderly, identify the causes of malnutrition among the elderly through the data obtained, classify type of malnutrition and identify the food and health situation of the elderly, contribute to talks to the care staff of the elderly adult for the collection of anthropometric data and suggest adequate food plans for the elderly. The method to be used was the descriptive type of documentary Bibliographic, since it guarantees the quality of the theoretical foundations of the research, and of Electronic type since it was possible to know more updated concepts for the correct investigation of the work. The work was carried out with patients older than 55 years of the Sofia Ratinoff Asylum of Solimano in the City of Guayaquil. Plicometers and tape measures were used. The anthropometry was taken by brachial circumference, triceps skin fold, Knee-Heel, Calf Circumference and Hemienvergadura. In the results we can observe the greater ease of taking anthropometric data of the staff of the asylum, as well as in 80% the detection of nutritional problems not seen before by the lack of Nutritionist. Concluding that continuous training and updating of anthropometric data in place, increases the quality of life of patients by 90% leaving data necessary for future research
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Desnutrición, Anciano, Manuales de salud, Epidemiología descriptiva, Asilo de Ancianos Sofía Ratinoff de Solimano, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Técnicas nutricionales