Riesgos y beneficios de la placa anatómica y placa de reconstrucción en el manejo de fracturas diafisarias de clavícula según resultados anatomofuncionales
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2021
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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La reducción abierta y la fijación de la placa es una de las técnicas quirúrgicas más comúnmente realizadas para fracturas diafisarias de clavícula. La menor satisfacción del paciente y las altas tasas de prominencia de la placa han llevado al uso de perfil más bajo en el tratamiento quirúrgico. Objetivo: Determinar los riesgos y beneficios de la placa anatómica y placa de reconstrucción en el manejo de fracturas diafisarias de clavícula según resultados anatomofuncionales. Metodología: Estudio de enfoque cuantitativo de tipo observacional, analítico, retrospectivo y de corte transversal, con diseño no experimental. Se analizó una muestra de 160 pacientes del hospital general del norte de Guayaquil Los Ceibos atendidos durante 2018 al 2019. Se dividieron en grupos A (con placa anatómica) y grupo B (con placa de reconstrucción). Resultados: El grupo etario de 20-40 años representó el 65%, se obtuvo un promedio de edad de 28,4 años ± 3,892. Se reportan 74% de hombres y 26% de mujeres, del total de pacientes analizados, 94% de las fracturas de clavícula fueron por traumatismo directo y 65% por traumatismo de alta energía. Se encontró 87% de fracturas cerradas y 13% de fracturas expuestas. En el control posoperatorio a los 3 meses, el grupo de placa anatómica reporta 65,11% de resultados excelentes, mientras que el grupo de placa de reconstrucción reporta 38,24%. La placa de reconstrucción presentó 25% de complicaciones y la placa anatómica presentó 5,43%. Conclusión: Existe asociación estadísticamente significativa entre el desarrollo de complicaciones posoperatorias según el tipo de implante utilizado.
Open reduction and plate fixation is one of the most commonly performed surgical techniques for shaft fractures of the clavicle. Lower patient satisfaction and high plaque prominence rates have led to the use of a lower profile in surgical treatment. Objective: To determine the risks and benefits of the anatomical plate and reconstruction plate in the management of diaphyseal clavicle fractures according to anatomical and functional results. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional study with a non-experimental design. A sample of 160 patients from the general hospital in the north of Guayaquil Los Ceibos who received medical care from 2018 to 2019 was analyzed. They were divided into group A (with anatomical plate) and group B (with reconstruction plate). Results: The age group of 20-40 years represented 65%, with an average age of 28.4 years ± 3.892. Of the total number of patients analyzed, 94% of the clavicle fractures were due to direct trauma and 65% due to high energy trauma. We found 87% of closed fractures and 13% of exposed fractures. In the postoperative control at 3 months, the anatomic plate group reported 65.11% of excellent results, while the reconstruction plate group reported 38.24%. The reconstruction plate presented 25% of complications and the anatomic plate presented 5.43%. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant association between the development of postoperative complications according to the type of implant used.
Open reduction and plate fixation is one of the most commonly performed surgical techniques for shaft fractures of the clavicle. Lower patient satisfaction and high plaque prominence rates have led to the use of a lower profile in surgical treatment. Objective: To determine the risks and benefits of the anatomical plate and reconstruction plate in the management of diaphyseal clavicle fractures according to anatomical and functional results. Methodology: A quantitative, observational, analytical, retrospective, and cross-sectional study with a non-experimental design. A sample of 160 patients from the general hospital in the north of Guayaquil Los Ceibos who received medical care from 2018 to 2019 was analyzed. They were divided into group A (with anatomical plate) and group B (with reconstruction plate). Results: The age group of 20-40 years represented 65%, with an average age of 28.4 years ± 3.892. Of the total number of patients analyzed, 94% of the clavicle fractures were due to direct trauma and 65% due to high energy trauma. We found 87% of closed fractures and 13% of exposed fractures. In the postoperative control at 3 months, the anatomic plate group reported 65.11% of excellent results, while the reconstruction plate group reported 38.24%. The reconstruction plate presented 25% of complications and the anatomic plate presented 5.43%. Conclusion: There is a statistically significant association between the development of postoperative complications according to the type of implant used.
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PLACA ANATOMICA, PLACA DE RECONSTRUCCION, FRACTURAS, CLAVICULA, DIAFISIS, RESULTADOS ANATOMOFIUNCIONALES, EPIDEMIOLOGIA ANALITICA, ESTUDIOS RETROSPECTIVOS, HOSPITAL IESS LOS CEIBOS, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR