Deterioro cognitivo y su relación con la esquizofrenia, medido por SCIP-S
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
Resumen
La esquizofrenia es una patología mental cuya etiología aún no está bien definida, así como los factores que favorecen su presentación clínica. Esta enfermedad compromete en varios aspectos las funciones mentales tales como el pensamiento, estado de ánimo y la cognición; esta última se ve afectada de forma progresiva, no pudiendo determinar el nivel de compromiso y pronóstico del enfermo. La cognición deteriorada es un síntoma subestimado que interfiere con la vida cotidiana en pacientes con esquizofrenia, en este sentido existen pruebas para medir este deterioro, pero lamentablemente muy poco utilizadas, como es el test de SCIPS para detectar deterioro cognitivo en pacientes con este y otros trastornos mentales. El Objetivo del estudio es establecer el deterioro cognitivo y su relación con la esquizofrenia medido por SCIP-S (Screening for Cognitive Impairment o Examen del deterioro cognitivo). La Metodología que se realizó fue un estudio no experimental, analítico, descriptivo, de corte transversal, desarrollado en el Instituto de Neurociencias de Guayaquil, durante el periodo del 01 de enero del 2015 hasta 31 de diciembre del 2017. Se revisó un total de 1375 pacientes tanto del área de Hospitalización como de Consulta Externa, obteniendo una muestra conformada por 156 pacientes a quienes se les aplicó la prueba del Screening SCIP-S para detectar deterioro cognitivo. En los Resultados se encontró que el 69% de los pacientes que fueron evaluados por el test SCIP-S presentaron deterioro cognitivo hecho que guarda relación con la calidad de vida y recaídas de pacientes con esquizofrenia, teniendo un alto impacto en su salud y pronóstico. Las Conclusiones fueron determinar la utilidad de disponer de una herramienta estandarizada que pueda proveer información de una manera rápida, fiable y de bajo costo a las instituciones que trabajen con este tipo de pacientes.
Schizophrenia is a mental pathology whose etiology is still not well defined, as well as its factors that favor its clinical presentation. This disease compromises in several aspects mental functions such as thinking, mood and cognition. The latter is affected progressively and does not allow determining the level of commitment and its prognosis. Impaired cognition is an underestimated symptom that interferes with the daily lives of patients with schizophrenia. The SCIPS test is a test used to detect cognitive impairment in patients with mental disorders. The objective of the study is to establish cognitive impairment and its relationship with schizophrenia as measured by SCIP-S (Screening for Cognitive Impairment or Cognitive Impairment Test). Methodology: a non-experimental, analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Neurosciences Institute of Guayaquil during the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017. It was check a total of 1375 patients in Hospitalization and External Consultation areas, getting a sample consisted of 156 patients who were he applied the SCIP-S screening test to detect cognitive impairment. Results: it was found that 69% of the patients who were evaluated by the SCIP-S test presented cognitive deterioration and that it is related to the quality of life and its relapses in patients with schizophrenia that has an impact on health and its prognosis. Conclusions: the utility of having a standardized tool that can provide information in a fast, reliable and low-cost way to institutions that work with this type of patient.
Schizophrenia is a mental pathology whose etiology is still not well defined, as well as its factors that favor its clinical presentation. This disease compromises in several aspects mental functions such as thinking, mood and cognition. The latter is affected progressively and does not allow determining the level of commitment and its prognosis. Impaired cognition is an underestimated symptom that interferes with the daily lives of patients with schizophrenia. The SCIPS test is a test used to detect cognitive impairment in patients with mental disorders. The objective of the study is to establish cognitive impairment and its relationship with schizophrenia as measured by SCIP-S (Screening for Cognitive Impairment or Cognitive Impairment Test). Methodology: a non-experimental, analytical, descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the Neurosciences Institute of Guayaquil during the period from January 1, 2015 to December 31, 2017. It was check a total of 1375 patients in Hospitalization and External Consultation areas, getting a sample consisted of 156 patients who were he applied the SCIP-S screening test to detect cognitive impairment. Results: it was found that 69% of the patients who were evaluated by the SCIP-S test presented cognitive deterioration and that it is related to the quality of life and its relapses in patients with schizophrenia that has an impact on health and its prognosis. Conclusions: the utility of having a standardized tool that can provide information in a fast, reliable and low-cost way to institutions that work with this type of patient.
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Esquizofrenia, Deterioro cognitivo, Calidad de vida, Instituto de Neurociencias, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Prueba de SCIP-S