Leishmaniasis, factores de riesgo en pacientes del Centro de Salud Caluma, año 2013-2015
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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La leishmaniasis es una zoonosis, originalmente se encuentran en animales silvestres y es transmitida por insectos del género lutzomya. Es producida por varias especies de leishmania que se encuentran en nuestro continente, presenta lesiones cutáneas diversas y en algunas especies metástasis tardías a mucosa nasal, oral y faríngea. Otras especies causan leishmaniasis visceral, una condición de riesgo para la vida. Se han informado casos de leishmania, en todos los continentes, excepto en la Antártida. Estos organismos son endémicos principalmente en las regiones tropicales y subtropicales, y la enfermedad en humanos se presenta fundamentalmente en África, partes de Asia, el Medio Oriente, América Latina y la región mediterránea. En Europa, la leishmaniasis parece estar propagándose hacia el norte de su foco tradicional. Este estudio se desarrolló en el centro de salud Caluma, de la provincia Bolívar, con una revisión de las fichas de pacientes atendidos durante los años 2013 a 2015. La metodología que se aplicó fue la descriptiva e investigativa, se tomaron en cuenta todas las variables del instrumento mencionado para determinar la incidencia y los factores que predisponen la presencia de esta enfermedad. Con un total de 23 fichas de pacientes atendidos en el periodo mencionado, en donde el grupo de edad más afectado es de 10 a 19 años; se presentaron casos en el sexo femenino con 6 casos en el 2013, 5 en el 2014 y 1 caso en el 2015. Las lesiones se presentaron en lugares que pueden ser cubiertas utilizando prendas adecuadas, además se observa una demora entre la aparición de las lesiones y la atención del paciente, por lo tanto este trabajo genera una propuesta para la prevención de esta enfermedad orientada a contrarrestar algunos factores de riesgos de transmisión, contribuyendo a mejorar la calidad de vida de la comunidad.
Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, originally found in wild animals which is transmitted by Lutzomya insects of the genus Lutzomyia. It is produced by several species of Leishmania found in our continent, it presents itself as different types of skin lesions and in some species with late metastases of the nasal, oral and pharyngeal mucosa. Other species cause visceral leishmaniasis, a condition which is potentially fatal. There have been reports of spp Leishmanin in every continent, except Antarctica. These organisms are endemic mainly in tropical and subtropical regions, and the disease primarily occurs in humans in Africa, parts of Asia, the Middle East, Latin America and the Mediterranean region. In Europe, leishmaniasis appears to be spreading north from its traditional domain. This study was conducted at the Caluma Health Center in the Bolivar Province, reviewing records of patients seen between 2013 and 2015. The methodology used descriptive and applied research, all the aforementioned instrument variables were taken into account to determine the incidence and factors that predispose the presence of this disease. With a total of 23 patient records from the aforementioned period, the most affected age group is 10 to 19 years of age, the incidence in females was 6 in 2013, in 5 both 2014 and 1 2015. Lesions occurred in places that can be covered using appropriate clothing. Furthermore there was a delay between the appearance of lesions and the patient receiving cares. Therefore this paper presents a proposal oriented towards the prevention of this disease by countering some risk factors for disease transmission and helping to improve the quality of life of the community
Leishmaniasis is a zoonosis, originally found in wild animals which is transmitted by Lutzomya insects of the genus Lutzomyia. It is produced by several species of Leishmania found in our continent, it presents itself as different types of skin lesions and in some species with late metastases of the nasal, oral and pharyngeal mucosa. Other species cause visceral leishmaniasis, a condition which is potentially fatal. There have been reports of spp Leishmanin in every continent, except Antarctica. These organisms are endemic mainly in tropical and subtropical regions, and the disease primarily occurs in humans in Africa, parts of Asia, the Middle East, Latin America and the Mediterranean region. In Europe, leishmaniasis appears to be spreading north from its traditional domain. This study was conducted at the Caluma Health Center in the Bolivar Province, reviewing records of patients seen between 2013 and 2015. The methodology used descriptive and applied research, all the aforementioned instrument variables were taken into account to determine the incidence and factors that predispose the presence of this disease. With a total of 23 patient records from the aforementioned period, the most affected age group is 10 to 19 years of age, the incidence in females was 6 in 2013, in 5 both 2014 and 1 2015. Lesions occurred in places that can be covered using appropriate clothing. Furthermore there was a delay between the appearance of lesions and the patient receiving cares. Therefore this paper presents a proposal oriented towards the prevention of this disease by countering some risk factors for disease transmission and helping to improve the quality of life of the community
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Leishmaniasis, Epidemiología descriptiva, Centro de Salud Caluma, Cantón Caluma, Ecuador