Pacientes diabéticos tipo 2 con infección respiratoria baja y resistencia bacteriana, plan de pruebas moleculares para el diagnóstico de infecciones respiratoria en pacientes diabéticos tipo 2
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2016
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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El problema de la investigación se encuentra en la Influencia de las resistencias bacterianas en los pacientes diabéticos tipo II con infecciones respiratorias bajas y tiene como finalidad diseñar y construir un protocolo de diagnóstico etiológico con el uso de plataformas de diagnóstico Molecular usando las plataformas Real Time PCR (reacción en cadena de polimerasa en tiempo real) y espectrómetro de masa MALDI TOF-ESI TOF yde identificación para la resistencia a antimicrobianos, por medio de una metodología cualitativa en base a estudio de casos, el levantamiento de información mediante la observación directa, entrevistas, encuestas y recopilación de datos estadísticos. Fue posible realizar una caracterización de la resistencia bacteriana y las enfermedades respiratorias sobre la base anteriormente descrita en un estudio de tipo cualitativo, observacional de 323 pacientes con DM tipo 2 con infección respiratoria baja , de los cuales 116 dieron positivo para cuatro bacterias: Estafilococo Áureos 46,6%, Estreptococo Viridans 28,4 %,Klebsiella Pneumoniae y Pseudomona Aeruginosa 25%; además de la identificación de los antibacterianos más usados en la consulta e internación del Hospital Luis Vernaza en los pacientes objeto de este estudio. Se logró Investigar la eficacia de los antimicrobianos en estos pacientes, Dada la aparición de la multi-resistencia bacteriana ante el uso, mal uso y abuso de los antibióticos, es necesario implementar herramientas para que se estandarice y establezca protocolos que serán de utilidad para el personal médico del HLV u otras instituciones de Salud Pública a fin de optimizar el arsenal terapéutico, obtener una mejor adherencia al tratamiento y disminuir la aparición de cepas resistentes
The following study is a qualitative research. Its objectives are to design and construct a protocols to identify the resistance to antibiotics, prescribing its utilization in an effective manner, in diabetes type II patients affected with lower respiratory tract infections. To categorize the bacterial resistance and the respiratory disease based on the symptoms, clinic diagnoses, microbiology, and treatment; and to identify the most frequently used antibiotics in the studied patients from the Luis Vernaza Hospital outpatient and inpatient services. The methods applied were based on the obtained information obtained through direct observation, interviews, surveys and statistical data recompilation. It was possible to perform a characterization of the bacterial resistance and the respiratory diseases on the subjects of the study, utilizing the fundaments previously described. It was possible to research the efficacy of the antimicrobials in this patients, facilitating the design of an protocols to prescribing the utilization of antibiotics in the best effective possible manner in the case of a possible resistance in the studied subjects. If multi-resistance to antibiotics occurred due to the use, misuse and abuse of antibiotics, it is necessary to implement tools to standardize and establish protocols that would be useful to the Luis Vernaza Hospital medical personnel and other institutions of Public Health. The aim would be to optimize the therapeutic armory, to obtain a better adherence to the treatment and to diminish the generation of resistant strains.
The following study is a qualitative research. Its objectives are to design and construct a protocols to identify the resistance to antibiotics, prescribing its utilization in an effective manner, in diabetes type II patients affected with lower respiratory tract infections. To categorize the bacterial resistance and the respiratory disease based on the symptoms, clinic diagnoses, microbiology, and treatment; and to identify the most frequently used antibiotics in the studied patients from the Luis Vernaza Hospital outpatient and inpatient services. The methods applied were based on the obtained information obtained through direct observation, interviews, surveys and statistical data recompilation. It was possible to perform a characterization of the bacterial resistance and the respiratory diseases on the subjects of the study, utilizing the fundaments previously described. It was possible to research the efficacy of the antimicrobials in this patients, facilitating the design of an protocols to prescribing the utilization of antibiotics in the best effective possible manner in the case of a possible resistance in the studied subjects. If multi-resistance to antibiotics occurred due to the use, misuse and abuse of antibiotics, it is necessary to implement tools to standardize and establish protocols that would be useful to the Luis Vernaza Hospital medical personnel and other institutions of Public Health. The aim would be to optimize the therapeutic armory, to obtain a better adherence to the treatment and to diminish the generation of resistant strains.
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DIABETES MELLITUS TIPO 2, INFECCIONES DEL SISTEMA RESPIRATORIO, RESISTENCIA BACTERIANA, PROTOCOLOS, HOSPITAL LUIS VERNAZA, CANTON GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR, FACTORES DE RIESGO