Identificación y evaluación de riesgos ergonómicos en la manipulación manual de carga y descarga de mercadería en Torrestibas S.A.
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2015-03-20
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ingeniería Industrial. Maestría en Seguridad, Higiene Industrial y Salud Ocupacional.
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El objetivo Principal de esta tesis es: Identificar, analizar los factores de riesgos y determinar el impacto económico, cuyos objetivos específicos son: establecer un Plan de mejora que contengan medidas preventivas. El método utilizado para el diagnóstico inicial es la evaluación de riesgos (matriz de triple criterio PGV), donde se determina que el riesgo ergonómico es crítico, generando una hipótesis “lumbalgias y lesiones osteomusculares”, la misma se corrobora encuestando al 100% de la población vulnerable (estibadores), el empleó del software con la metodología GINSHT y el análisis de la estadística de ausentismo por accidentes de trabajo en la cual se evidencio que el mayor porcentaje de lesiones están relacionadas al desarrollo de esta actividad. Una vez identificada y sustentada la problemática se plantea la propuesta de desarrollar un plan de prevención de riesgos, descrito bajo un cronograma de actividades a corto plazo con el compromiso de la gerencia para la ejecución del mismo, definidos costos de financiamiento y demás recursos requeridos para el desarrollo del Plan de Prevención de Riesgos. Finalmente la propuesta de solución a la problemática se calculó el TIR dando un 72% y un VAN positivo, comprobando que el proyecto es factible. Se concluye que implementando el Plan de Prevención de Riesgos se prevé dar solución a un 75% de la problemática, según el análisis financiero de inversión. Se recomienda la mecanización del proceso de carga y descarga de mercaderías, asignación de presupuesto, elaboración de la morbilidad especifica al personal afectado e implantación de un Sistema de Gestión de Seguridad y Salud.
The main objective of this thesis is: Identify, analyze risk factors and determine the economic impact, whose specific objectives are: Establish an improvement plan that contains preventive measures. The method used for the initial diagnosis is a risk evaluation (Triple matrix, using PGV criterion), where the ergonomic risk is determined as critical, resulting in a “lower back pain and musculoskeletal injuries” hypothesis, where it is determined that the ergonomic risk is critical, generating a hypothesis "lumbago and musculoskeletal injuries," it is corroborated by surveying 100% of the vulnerable population (Dockers), the software used with GINSHT methodology and statistical analysis absenteeism work accident in which I was evident that the highest percentage of injuries are related to the development of this activity. Once the problems is identified and documented, a proposal is outlined to develop a risk prevention plan, described with a schedule of activities in the short term with management’s commitment to execute it; also, financing costs and other resources required to develop the Risk Prevention Plan. Finally, the proposed solution to the problem was calculated giving a 72% IRR and a positive NPV, proving that the project is feasible. It concluded that implementing the Risk Prevention Plan is expected to solve 75% of the problem, according to financial investment analysis. Mechanization of loading and unloading of goods, budget allocation, development of specific mobility of the affected staff and implementation of a Safety and Health Management System are recommended.
The main objective of this thesis is: Identify, analyze risk factors and determine the economic impact, whose specific objectives are: Establish an improvement plan that contains preventive measures. The method used for the initial diagnosis is a risk evaluation (Triple matrix, using PGV criterion), where the ergonomic risk is determined as critical, resulting in a “lower back pain and musculoskeletal injuries” hypothesis, where it is determined that the ergonomic risk is critical, generating a hypothesis "lumbago and musculoskeletal injuries," it is corroborated by surveying 100% of the vulnerable population (Dockers), the software used with GINSHT methodology and statistical analysis absenteeism work accident in which I was evident that the highest percentage of injuries are related to the development of this activity. Once the problems is identified and documented, a proposal is outlined to develop a risk prevention plan, described with a schedule of activities in the short term with management’s commitment to execute it; also, financing costs and other resources required to develop the Risk Prevention Plan. Finally, the proposed solution to the problem was calculated giving a 72% IRR and a positive NPV, proving that the project is feasible. It concluded that implementing the Risk Prevention Plan is expected to solve 75% of the problem, according to financial investment analysis. Mechanization of loading and unloading of goods, budget allocation, development of specific mobility of the affected staff and implementation of a Safety and Health Management System are recommended.
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SEGURIDAD, HIGIENE INDUSTRIAL Y SALUD OCUPACIONAL, RIESGOS ERGONÓMICOS, CARGA Y DESCARGA DE MERCADERÍA