Efectos adversos de la terapia antirretroviral en pacientes femeninas con diagnóstico reciente de VIH
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Medicina
Resumen
El objetivo del estudio fue determinar los efectos adversos de la terapia antirretroviral en pacientes femeninas con reciente diagnóstico de VIH en el Hospital de Infectología “Dr. José Rodríguez Maridueña”. El estudio fue de tipo observacional, analítico, descriptivo de corte transversal, incluyó una muestra de 300 pacientes de sexo femenino que fueron atendidas durante el periodo del 1 de enero del 2015 hasta el 31 de diciembre del 2017. Se empleó el programa estadístico SPSS versión 21 para el análisis estadístico y confección de tablas y gráficos. El 69,3% de los pacientes que inician terapia ARV cursan de 20 a 40 años, representando el grupo etario de mayor cantidad entre los pacientes que reciben terapia ARV. Los efectos adversos de los pacientes de sexo femenino que inician terapia ARV son del 75%. Los pacientes que inician terapia ARV los presentan de forma aguda en un 72% en estudio. Acotando que existen efectos de carácter crónico ocupando un nivel menor 28%. Dentro de la gama de efectos adversos que presentan los pacientes con tratamiento ARV, encontramos a los mareos en el primer lugar con un 53%, seguido de los vómitos (28%) y diarrea (15%). El insomnio ocupa el primer lugar de los efectos adversos crónicos presentes con el 27%. El esquema de tratamiento con mayor frecuencia en el grupo de estudio fue el TDF/FCT/EFV con el 88,7% en 266 pacientes. . El 34% de las pacientes de la muestra tuvieron factores de riesgo para presentar efectos adversos.
Palabras clave: efectos adversos, VIH, antirretrovirales.
XVI
XVI
FACULTAD DE CIENCIAS MÉDICAS
CARRERA DE MEDICINA
UNIDAD DE TITULACIÓN
“ADVERSE EFFECTS OF ANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPY IN PATIENTS OF FEMALE SEX WITH RECENT HIV DIAGNOSIS"
Author: Martha Valeria Alcívar Cruz
Julio Cesar Jouvín Loza
Tutor: Dr. Marcos Loor Goya
The objective of the study was to determine the adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy in female patients with recent diagnosis of HIV at the Hospital of Infectology "Dr. José Rodríguez Maridueña" The study was of observational, analytical, descriptive cross-sectional type, included a sample of 300 female patients that were attended during the period of January 1, 2015 until December 31, 2017. The statistical program SPSS version was used. 21 for the statistical analysis and preparation of tables and graphs. 69.3% of patients who start ARV therapy are between 20 and 40 years old, representing the highest age group among patients receiving ARV therapy. The adverse effects of female patients who initiate ARV therapy are 75%. Patients who start ARV therapy present them acutely in 72% of the study. Noting that there are effects of a chronic nature occupying a lower level 28%. Within the range of adverse effects presented by patients with ARV treatment, we found dizziness in the first place with 53%, followed by vomiting (28%) and diarrhea (15%). Insomnia ranks first of the chronic adverse effects present with 27%. The treatment scheme with the highest frequency in the study group was TDF / FCT / EFV with 88.7% in 266 patients. Of the patients in the sample 34% had risk factors to present adverse effects.
The objective of the study was to determine the adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy in female patients with recent diagnosis of HIV at the Hospital of Infectology "Dr. José Rodríguez Maridueña" The study was of observational, analytical, descriptive cross-sectional type, included a sample of 300 female patients that were attended during the period of January 1, 2015 until December 31, 2017. The statistical program SPSS version was used. 21 for the statistical analysis and preparation of tables and graphs. 69.3% of patients who start ARV therapy are between 20 and 40 years old, representing the highest age group among patients receiving ARV therapy. The adverse effects of female patients who initiate ARV therapy are 75%. Patients who start ARV therapy present them acutely in 72% of the study. Noting that there are effects of a chronic nature occupying a lower level 28%. Within the range of adverse effects presented by patients with ARV treatment, we found dizziness in the first place with 53%, followed by vomiting (28%) and diarrhea (15%). Insomnia ranks first of the chronic adverse effects present with 27%. The treatment scheme with the highest frequency in the study group was TDF / FCT / EFV with 88.7% in 266 patients. Of the patients in the sample 34% had risk factors to present adverse effects.
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Agentes antirretrovirales, Virus de inmunodeficiencia humana, Epidemiología analítica, Epidemiología descriptiva, Hospital de Infectología Dr. José Daniel Rodríguez Maridueña, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Efectos adversos, Terapia antirretroviral altamente activa, Mujeres