Propuesta de plan maestro de áreas verdes para la mitigación del efecto de la isla de calor: caso de estudio: distrito suroeste, parroquia Febres Cordero del cantón Guayaquil
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2022-11
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Universidad de Guayaquil: Facultad de Arquitectura y Urbanismo
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El presente trabajo, se enfoca en la realidad de una de las zonas más densas de la ciudad de Guayaquil, la Parroquia Febres Cordero, la cual se desarrollo a mediados de siglo pasado, con el objetivo de dotar de vivienda, a las personas que migraron de diferentes partes del país en busca de una mejor economía. El área de estudio tiene una configuración de tipo damero, con una trama ortogonal, pero sin la previsión de espacios destinados a la recreación e interacción con la naturaleza, lo cual se evidencio con el confinamiento por la pandemia del COVID-19, donde las personas se encontraron encerradas con la necesidad de tener contacto con áreas exteriores saludables.
La temperatura superficial de las ciudades se ha incrementado en los últimos años por factores como el aumento de la densidad poblacional, uso de materiales impermeables, grado de reflectancia de los materiales en la construcción, eliminación de la capa vegetal, todo esto debido a una planificación urbana deficiente, sin proyección a futuro y que no considero la necesidad de preservar las áreas verdes, cobertura de suelo permeable, arbolado urbano y demás elementos que permitan disminuir la incidencia de la radiación solar.
La presente propuesta, busca realizar un cambio en la imagen urbana donde se propone un cambio de la situación actual de la parroquia Febres Cordero en el que predominan los materiales impermeables y el concreto.
Se pretende reducir el aumento de la temperatura, la mejora de la situación y la calidad de vida de los habitantes, proponiendo una mayor cantidad de espacios verdes, áreas con sombra, dónde predomine el follaje frondoso y perenne de los árboles; Estas acciones aumentan el índice de absorción de calor y reduce la incidencia de los rayos solares y mitigan el efecto de la isla de calor.
The present work focuses on the reality of one of the densest areas of the city of Guayaquil, the Febres Cordero Parish, which was developed in the middle of the last century, with the objective of providing housing for people who migrated from different parts of the country in search of a better economy. The study area has a checkerboard-type configuration, with an orthogonal plot, but without the provision of spaces for recreation and interaction with nature, which was evidenced by the confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, where people they found themselves locked in with the need to have contact with healthy outdoor areas. The surface temperature of cities has increased in recent years due to factors such as the increase in population density, the use of impermeable materials, the degree of reflectance of construction materials, the removal of the vegetation layer, all this due to planning deficient urban development, without future projection and that I do not consider the need to preserve green areas, permeable ground cover, urban trees and other elements that allow reducing the incidence of solar radiation. The present proposal seeks to make a change in the urban image where a change of the current situation of the Febres Cordero parish is proposed, in which impermeable materials and concrete predominate. It is intended to reduce the increase in temperature, improve the situation and the quality of life of the inhabitants, proposing a greater number of green spaces, shady areas, where the leafy and perennial foliage of the trees predominates; These actions increase the rate of heat absorption and reduce the incidence of solar rays and mitigate the effect of the heat island.
The present work focuses on the reality of one of the densest areas of the city of Guayaquil, the Febres Cordero Parish, which was developed in the middle of the last century, with the objective of providing housing for people who migrated from different parts of the country in search of a better economy. The study area has a checkerboard-type configuration, with an orthogonal plot, but without the provision of spaces for recreation and interaction with nature, which was evidenced by the confinement due to the COVID-19 pandemic, where people they found themselves locked in with the need to have contact with healthy outdoor areas. The surface temperature of cities has increased in recent years due to factors such as the increase in population density, the use of impermeable materials, the degree of reflectance of construction materials, the removal of the vegetation layer, all this due to planning deficient urban development, without future projection and that I do not consider the need to preserve green areas, permeable ground cover, urban trees and other elements that allow reducing the incidence of solar radiation. The present proposal seeks to make a change in the urban image where a change of the current situation of the Febres Cordero parish is proposed, in which impermeable materials and concrete predominate. It is intended to reduce the increase in temperature, improve the situation and the quality of life of the inhabitants, proposing a greater number of green spaces, shady areas, where the leafy and perennial foliage of the trees predominates; These actions increase the rate of heat absorption and reduce the incidence of solar rays and mitigate the effect of the heat island.
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ISLA DE CALOR, TRAMA URBANA, PLANIFICACIÓN TERRITORIAL
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APA