Análisis de alternativas para el aprovechamiento de residuo ruminal bovino para disminuir la contaminación en mataderos
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2017
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Facultad de Ciencias Naturales. Universidad de Guayaquil
Resumen
Estudiando el caso puntual del camal municipal del cantón General Antonio Elizalde, no cuenta con un sistema de tratamiento de residuos orgánicos, lo que incrementa la posibilidad de contaminar a cuerpos de agua y suelo aledaños al sitio. El volumen de residuos generados se calcula excede las 14 toneladas métricas mensuales, mismas que se pueden tratar con procedimientos simples, tal como la deshidratación y secado solar, para luego formar mezclas con residuos agro industriales como melaza de caña de azúcar, y hojarasca de Quiebra barriga (Thichanthera gigantea) formando un suplemento nutricional. También se presenta una alternativa de tratamiento enfocada en la recuperación de suelo a partir de agregados, la cual utiliza lombrices rojas (Eisenia foetida) para estabilizar los compuestos. Los resultados de análisis de laboratorio muestran valores porcentuales para cenizas 10.28%, proteínas 11.83%, calcio 0.74%, fibras 12.21% y fosforo con 0.16% en base seca para el suplemento nutricional. Se evidencia que las propuestas planteadas como solución al problema ambiental cuentan con limitaciones y beneficios para cada caso. Las diferencias entre estas básicamente radican en el tiempo y espacio necesarios para estabilizar los compuestos.
Studying the specific case of the municipal slaughterhouse of the canton General Antonio Elizalde, without an organic waste treatment system, which increases the possibility of contaminating bodies of water and soil surrounding the site. The volumen of waste generated is estimated to exceed 14 metric tonnes per month, same as can be treated with procedures simple as dehydration and drying solar, add then form mixtures with waste agro industrial as molasses sugarcane, and litter of Quiebra barriga (Thichanthera gigantea) forming a nutritional supplement. There is also an alternative treatment focused on the recovery of soil from aggregates, which uses red worms (Eisenia foetida) to stabilize the compounds. The results of laboratory analysis show percentage values for ashes 10.28%, proteins 11.83%, calcium 0.74%, fibers 12.21% and phosphorus with 0.16% in dry basis for the nutritional supplement. It is evident that the proposals proposed as a solution to the environmental problem have limitations and benefits for each case. The differences between these basically lie in the time and space needed to stabilize the compounds.
Studying the specific case of the municipal slaughterhouse of the canton General Antonio Elizalde, without an organic waste treatment system, which increases the possibility of contaminating bodies of water and soil surrounding the site. The volumen of waste generated is estimated to exceed 14 metric tonnes per month, same as can be treated with procedures simple as dehydration and drying solar, add then form mixtures with waste agro industrial as molasses sugarcane, and litter of Quiebra barriga (Thichanthera gigantea) forming a nutritional supplement. There is also an alternative treatment focused on the recovery of soil from aggregates, which uses red worms (Eisenia foetida) to stabilize the compounds. The results of laboratory analysis show percentage values for ashes 10.28%, proteins 11.83%, calcium 0.74%, fibers 12.21% and phosphorus with 0.16% in dry basis for the nutritional supplement. It is evident that the proposals proposed as a solution to the environmental problem have limitations and benefits for each case. The differences between these basically lie in the time and space needed to stabilize the compounds.
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RESIDUO ORGÁNICO, SUPLEMENTO NUTRICIONAL