Morbimortalidad de la cesárea en adolescentes, resultante materno-neonatal
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2018
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Universidad de Guayaquil. Facultad de Ciencias Médicas. Escuela de Graduados
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El parto por cesárea en adolescentes representan el 11% de todas las cesáreas a nivel mundial con complicaciones del binomio madre hijo en comparación al parto vaginal. El objetivo del presente trabajo es analizar la morbimortalidad asociada a cesárea. Por las características metodológicas se considera el presente como un estudio de tipo: Analítico, Correlacional, Retrospectivo de corte transversal para lo cual se midieron variables categóricas con sus respectivos cálculos estadísticos mediante prueba tipo: Chi cuadrado de asociación, con (IC del 95%) e índice de error del (5%). Los resultados obtenidos demuestran asociación entre cesárea y morbimortalidad materno neonatal expresado por los siguientes hallazgos: La morbimortalidad materna y neonatal se debe a patologías: Infecciosas, hemorrágicas y las asociadas a trastornos hipertensivos del embarazo (preeclampsia, eclampsia y síndrome de HELLP). El pico máximo de embarazos en adolescentes se concentra en edades entre los 14 a 16 años de edad (60% de casos). Las principales indicaciones de cesárea son: Desproporción céfalo pélvica (30%), cicatriz uterina previa (17.5%) y distocia dinámica del trabajo de parto (13.13%). La Endometritis y sepsis de inicio temprano para la adolescente son las complicaciones infecciosas por excelencia. El acretismo placentario (9.38 %) y placenta previa oclusiva total (7.50%) son responsables de hemorragia post – cesárea. La principal causa de morbilidad neonatal fue la prematurez (45%) seguido de hipoglicemia neonatal (12.50%), enfermedad respiratoria del recién nacido (11.25%) y finalmente hiperbilirrubinemia (8.75%)
Cesarean delivery in adolescents represents 11% of all caesarean sections worldwide with complications of the child mother binomial compared to vaginal delivery. The objective of this study is to analyze the morbidity and mortality associated with cesarean section. Due to the methodological characteristics, the present is considered as a type study: Analytical, Correlational, Retrospective of cross section for which categorical variables were measured with their respective statistical calculations by means of a type test: Chi square of association, with (95% CI) and Error rate of (5%). The results obtained show an association between cesarean section and maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality expressed by the following findings: Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality are due to pathologies: Infectious, hemorrhagic and those associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome). The peak of teenage pregnancies is concentrated in ages between 14 and 16 years of age (60% of cases). The main indications for caesarean section are: cephalopelvic disproportion (17.50%) and dynamic dystocia of labor (13.13%). Endometritis and early onset sepsis for the teenage are the infectious complications par excellence. Placental accreta (9.38%) and total occlusive placenta (7.50%) are responsible for post-cesarean haemorrhage. The main cause of neonatal morbidity was prematurity (45%) followed by neonatal hypoglycemia (12.50%), respiratory disease of the newborn (11.25%) and finally hyperbilirubinemia (8.75%)
Cesarean delivery in adolescents represents 11% of all caesarean sections worldwide with complications of the child mother binomial compared to vaginal delivery. The objective of this study is to analyze the morbidity and mortality associated with cesarean section. Due to the methodological characteristics, the present is considered as a type study: Analytical, Correlational, Retrospective of cross section for which categorical variables were measured with their respective statistical calculations by means of a type test: Chi square of association, with (95% CI) and Error rate of (5%). The results obtained show an association between cesarean section and maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality expressed by the following findings: Maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality are due to pathologies: Infectious, hemorrhagic and those associated with hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (preeclampsia, eclampsia and HELLP syndrome). The peak of teenage pregnancies is concentrated in ages between 14 and 16 years of age (60% of cases). The main indications for caesarean section are: cephalopelvic disproportion (17.50%) and dynamic dystocia of labor (13.13%). Endometritis and early onset sepsis for the teenage are the infectious complications par excellence. Placental accreta (9.38%) and total occlusive placenta (7.50%) are responsible for post-cesarean haemorrhage. The main cause of neonatal morbidity was prematurity (45%) followed by neonatal hypoglycemia (12.50%), respiratory disease of the newborn (11.25%) and finally hyperbilirubinemia (8.75%)
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Embarazo en adolescencia, Cesárea, Complicaciones del embarazo, Indicadores de morbimortalidad, Epidemiología analítica, Estudios retrospectvos, Hospital de la Mujer Alfredo G. Paulson, Cantón Guayaquil, Ecuador, Resultante materno, Resultante neonatal